Pump Users Handbook

R. Rayner

• Publisher: Elsevier Science
• Year: 1995
• Print ISBN: 9781856172165
• eBook ISBN: 9780080540047
• Edition: 4
• Topic: Physical Sciences
• Subtopic: Fluid Mechanics

This handbook places emphasis on the importance of correct interpretation of pumping requirements, both by the user and the supplier. Completely reworked to incorporate the very latest in pumping technology, this practical handbook will enable you to understand the principles of pumping, hydraulics and fluids and define the various criteria necessary for pump and ancillary selection. The Pump Users Handbook will prove an invaluable aid in ordering pump equipment and in the recognition of fundamental oprational problems.

SECTION SEVEN

Applications

WATER PUMP APPLICATIONS

Water Applications

Water Applications for pumps are just about infinite. Water pumps come in all sizes from automobile water pumps to giant circulating pumps for utilities, Fig. 18.1, and almost every type of pump is applicable for some specific application or applications. Residential well pumping systems where utility mains are not available are generally of the centrifugal – eductor type described in Chapter 3 or submersible units (Fig. 18.2). Flexible vane pumps have been used in this application also. The de facto standard for water pump materials in the range of 6–8.5 pH is cast iron, bronze fitted. Above this range, the hard water (alkaline) requires all iron or stainless fitted pumps. In the soft water (acidic) range below 6.0 pH bronze is not suitable. What is best, depends on the degree of acidity, nature of the acidity, the nature of impurities present, velocity and temperature as well as the design geometry. The latter aspect being especially critical in the presence of tight clearance, stagnant areas. Today, ferritic or duplex stainless steels, high chrome steels, nickel cast irons, Monel, Hastelloy, phosphor bronze and titanium or non-metallics could provide the best specific solution to a given application. The harder the material, the higher the abrasive resistance when abrasive wear or erosion/corrosion is a concern. Sanitary pumps are used for Clean In Place applications where water pumps are used for rinsing. These pumps can be of centrifugal or any of the rotary designs with the possible exception of the lobe pump. The latter generally depends on higher viscosities to control the leakage past its axial clearances. Small sampling pumps in water utility plants are generally small centrifugals, 1–2.5 m³/h., 5–10 gpm with heads generally less than 10 m (35 ft). Figs 18.3, 18.3a and 18.3b show a ram pump installation for irrigation that will provide approximately 9 m (30 ft.) head for every foot of fall when water enters at a 10^° slope.

FIGURE 18.1 Very large utility circulating water pump.

FIGURE 18.2 Residential submersible well water pump.

FIGURE 18.3a Irrigation ram pump.

FIGURE 18.3b Irrigation ram pump system elevation.

Non – residential well water pumps used for small utility service and aquifer source agricultural pumps are generally vertical turbine type diffuser pumps as shown in Fig. 18.4. These pumps in the U S come under ANSI-AWWA specification E101-1977, “Vertical Turbine Pumps-Line Shaft and Submersible Types”. Submersible volute pumps are also used to some extent in this application where the simplicity of the submersible offsets the higher operating efficiency of the turbine type. On very deep wells, the volute type submersible with its reduced line-shaft lengths becomes the preferred choice. Reciprocating pumps are economically sound choices where relatively high head, low capacity applications are the case. Once the source gets within normal suction lift range of 3-6 m (10-20 ft), the centrifugal volute pump becomes the preferred choice for source or circulation duty Fig. 18.5, wi...

Table of contents

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Preface
• Acknowledgement
• SECTION ONE: Basics
• SECTION TWO: Kinetic Pumps
• SECTION THREE: Positive Displacement Pumps
• SECTION FOUR: Pump Construction
• SECTION FIVE
• SECTION SIX: Drives
• SECTION SEVEN: Applications
• SECTION EIGHT
• SECTION NINE
• EDITORIAL INDEX
• INDEX TO ADVERTISERS