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Affirmative Advocacy

Name: Affirmative Advocacy
Author: Dara Z. Strolovitch

Race, Class, and Gender in Interest Group Politics

Dara Z. Strolovitch

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Affirmative Advocacy

Race, Class, and Gender in Interest Group Politics

Dara Z. Strolovitch

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About This Book

The United States boasts scores of organizations that offer crucial representation for groups that are marginalized in national politics, from women to racial minorities to the poor. Here, in the first systematic study of these organizations, Dara Z. Strolovitch explores the challenges and opportunities they face in the new millennium, as waning legal discrimination coincides with increasing political and economic inequalities within the populations they represent.Drawing on rich new data from a survey of 286 organizations and interviews with forty officials, Strolovitch finds thatgroups too often prioritize the interests of their most advantaged members: male rather than female racial minorities, for example, or affluent rather than poor women. But Strolovitch also finds that many organizations try to remedy this inequity, and she concludes by distilling their best practices into a set of principles that she calls affirmative advocacy—a form of representation that aims to overcome the entrenched but often subtle biases against people at the intersection of more than one marginalized group. Intelligently combining political theory with sophisticated empirical methods, Affirmative Advocacy will be required reading for students and scholars of American politics.

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Information

Publisher

University of Chicago Press

Year

2008

ISBN

9780226777450

Topic

Ciencias sociales

Subtopic

Sociología

one

Introduction

In June 2002, William “Hootie” Johnson, chair of the Augusta National Golf

Club in Augusta, Georgia, received an unexpected letter from Martha Burk,

then

chair

of

the

National

Council

of

Women’s

Organizations

(NCWO).

The

NCWO is the largest coalition of women’s groups in the United States, with

two

hundred

member

organizations

encompassing

more

than

six

million

members.

Established

in

1983

in

response

to

the

failure

to

ratify

the

Equal

Rights

Amendment

to

the

Constitution

of

the

United

States,

the

organiza-

tion

has

been

at

the

forefront

of

many

battles

over

women’s

rights

since

its

founding. Writing on behalf of this large and inﬂuential organization, Burk

urged Johnson to open his men-only golf club to women. Augusta soon would

be hosting the Masters Golf Tournament, an occasion that Burk hoped would

prompt

Johnson

to

adopt

a

more

inclusive

policy.

Many

of

the

sponsors

of

the

event,

she

suggested,

including

Coca-Cola,

IBM,

Citigroup,

and

Gen-

eral

Motors,

certainly

would

not

appreciate

the

publicity

that

would

result

were

she

to

call

attention

to

Augusta’s

current

discriminatory

practices.

For

his

part,

Johnson

did

not

appreciate

being

told

what

to

do,

much

less

Burk’s

thinly

veiled

threat

of

a

possible

NCWO-sponsored

boycott

of

the

tournament’s

sponsors.

Rather

than

trying

to

avoid

the

threatened

publicity

by

quietly

and

privately

negotiating

with

Burk,

Johnson

lashed

back

publicly

and

in

no

uncertain

terms,

stating

that

the

club

would

not