High and Low Erucic Acid in Rapeseed Oils

John K G Kramer

• Publisher: Academic Press
• Year: 2012
• Print ISBN:
  9780124250802
• eBook ISBN:
  9780323138017
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Organic Chemistry
• Index: Technology & Engineering

High and Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oils: Production, Usage, Chemistry, and Toxicological Evaluation covers a wide range of subjects related to rapeseed, that is, from plant breeding, industrial processing, to nutrition and biochemistry. Composed of 22 chapters, this book first discusses the origin and properties of Brassica oilseed crops. Subsequent chapters describe the world production and trade of rapeseed and its products, as well as the history and marketing of rapeseed oil in Canada. Other chapters elucidate the chemical composition of rapeseed oil; the introduction and consumption of low erucic acid rapeseed varieties in Canada; and the development of improved rapeseed cultivars. Results obtained with consumption of high and low erucic acid rapeseed oils to experimental animals are also shown. This work will be helpful as an introductory material to those who are not familiar with the production, use, and properties of rapeseed oil.

Table of contents

• Front Cover
• High and Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oils: Production, Usage, Chemistry, And Toxicogical Evaluation
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Contributors
• Foreword
• Preface
• Chapter 1. The Origin and Description of theBrassica Oilseed Crops
• Chapter 2. World Production and Trade of Rapeseedand Rapeseed Products
• Chapter 3. The History and Marketing of Rapeseed Oil in Canada
• Chapter 4. Chemical Composition of Rapeseed Oil
• Chapter 5. Pathways of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Higher Plants with Particular Reference to Developing Rapeseed
• Chapter 6. The Development of Improved Rapeseed Cultivars
• Chapter 7. The Introductio n of Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Varieties into Canadian Production
• Chapter 8. Rapeseed Crushingand Extraction
• Chapter 10. Current Consumption of Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oilby Canadians
• Chapter 11. The Problems Associated with the Feeding of High Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oils and Some Fish Oilsto Experimental Animals
• Chapter 12. Cardiopathology Associated with theFeeding of Vegetableand Marine Oils
• Chapter 13. The Composition of Diets Used in Rapeseed Oil Feeding Trials
• Chapter 14. The Metabolism of Docos enoic Acids in the Heart
• Chapter 15. The Regulation of Long Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation
• I. Introduction
• II. β-Oxidation
• III. ω-Oxidation
• IV. Integrated Regulation of Mitochondrial Oxidation
• Acknowledgements
• References
• Chapter 16. The Mechanisms of Fatty Acid Chain Elongationand Desaturation in Animals
• I. Introduction
• II. The 9-Desaturase(s)
• III. The 6-Desaturase(s)
• IV The 5-Desaturase(s)
• V The 4-Desaturase(s)
• VI. Microsomal Fatty Acid Chain Elongation
• VII. Retrocon version
• VIII. Regulation of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis
• Acknowledgements
• References
• Chapter 17. Results Obtained with Feeding Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oils andOther Vegetable Oils to Rats and Other Species
• I. Introduction
• II. Nutritional and Pathological Properties
• III. Results with Rats
• IV. Results with Pigs
• V. Results with Dogs
• VI. Results with Swiss Mice
• VII. Results with Monkeys
• VIII. Conclusion
• Acknowledgements
• References
• Chapter 18. Cardiac Lipid Changes in Rats, Pigs, and Monkeys Fed High Fat Diets
• I. Introduction
• II. Fatty Acid Composition of Vegetable Oils and Fats
• III. Changes in Cardiac Lipids of Rats Fed Different Oils and Fats
• IV. Changes in Cardiac Lipids of Pigs and Monkeys Fed Different Oils and Fats and How These Changes Compare to Those Observed in Rats
• V. Can the Myocardial Disorders Ascribed to the Feeding of Rapeseed Oil Be Correlated to Cardiac Lipid Charges
• Acknowledgements
• References
• Chapter 19. The Use of Statistics in Assessing the Resultsfrom Experiments with Vegetable Oils Fed toTest Animals
• I. Introduction
• II. Body Weight and Growth Data
• III. Some Problems in Analyzing Relative Measurements
• IV. Random Variation in the Measurement of Dietary Components
• V. The Analysis of Incidence Data
• VI. Sample Size and Incidence Data
• VII. Sample Size in the Context of Estimation
• VIII. Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 20. Studies with High and Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oil in Man
• 1. Introduction
• II. Digestibility of HEAR Oil and LEAR Oil by Humans
• III. Serum Lipid Changes Accompanying the Ingestion of HEAR and LEAR Oils
• IV. Hematological Profiles of Subjects Given HEAR and LEAR Oil Diets
• V. Energy Metabolism in Young Men Given LEAR and Soybean Oils
• References
• Chapter 21. The Relevance to Humans of Myocardial Lesions Induced in Ratsby Marine and Rapeseed Oils
• I. Historical Background and Regulatory Concern
• II. The Laboratory Rat as an Experimental Model for Safety Assessment of Rapeseed Oils
• III. Studies in Humans
• IV. Safety Assessment Considerations
• V. Conclusions
• References
• Chapter 22. Some Recent Innovations in Canola Processing Technology
• I. Introduction
• II. Cold Processing of Canola Seed
• III. Chemical Degumming
• IV. Physical Refining
• V. Conclusions
• Index