Controlling In-Plant Airborne Contaminants

Systems Design and Calculations

John D. Constance, Constance

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2020
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• eBook ISBN:
  9781000148701
• Subtopic: Botany
• Index: Technology & Engineering

This book is a useful reference work for practicing engineers in their evaluation and design of systems for the control of the industrial in-plant environment. It provides design criteria, useful calculations and proven techniques to control the environment in oil refineries and chemical industries.

1 THEORY IN PRACTICE

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Short Outline of Basic Chemistry and Physics

Chemical principles

Most common elements

Properties of matter

Chemical equations

Weight

Specific gravity

Volume

Density

Temperature

Pressure

Enthalpy

Specific heat

Vaporization

Vapor pressure

Boiling point of a liquid

Condensation

Dew point

Saturated and superheated vapor

Fusion and solidification

Gas laws

Boyle's law

Avogadro's law

Pound molecular volume

Charles' law

Dalton's law of partial pressures

Mol fraction of a gas in a mixture of gases

The law of perfect gases

Deviation from the perfect gas law

1.3. Behavior of Gases and Vapors

Critical temperature of a gas

Gas mixtures

Volumetric analysis

Gravimetric analysis

Converting volumetric to gravimetric analysis

Converting gravimetric to volumetric analysis

Average molecular weight of a gas mixture

Specific heat of a gaseous mixture

Gas constant and specific heat relationships

Densities of gas mixtures

1.4. Mixtures of Gases and Vapors

General

Dew point

1.5. Fuels and Combustion Products

Fuels

Combustion reaction

Combustion data in convenient form

Oxygen for combustion

Gross heating value of fuels

Air required for combustion

Preventable fuel loss

Best combustion conditions

Minimum temperature

1.1. INTRODUCTION

The object of this chapter is to refresh the reader in matters of theory and practice pertaining to the field of contaminant control. Furthermore, engineering problems encountered involve a knowledge of certain fundamental scientific principles. Therefore, this chapter can be considered as a foundation upon which our structure of in-plant environmental control expertise is to be built. During the course of a design problem these matters crop up, and an understanding of basic principles will be helpful.

When dealing with gases and vapors of a chemical and organic nature, we must understand their behavior to help in arriving at design decisions. The composit...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Series Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• PREFACE
• INTRODUCTION
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• Contents
• 1 THEORY IN PRACTICE
• 2 IDENTIFYING SOURCES OF AIR CONTAMINANTS
• 3 PLANT LAYOUT AND CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS AREAS
• 4 NATURAL VENTILATION
• 5 CONTROL BY MECHANICAL VENTILATION
• 6 LOCAL EXHAUST VENTILATION
• 7 MAKEUP AIR SYSTEMS
• 8 DUST CONTROL IN THE WORKPLACE
• 9 DESIGNING FOR PRESSURE VENTILATION
• 10 CLEARING THE AIR IN LABORATORIES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH
• 11 MOISTURE CONTROL IN PROCESS BUILDINGS
• 12 THINK QUIET—DESIGN FOR NOISE CONTROL IN INDUSTRY
• 13 INDUSTRIAL HEAT AND ITS CONTROL
• APPENDIX A
• APPENDIX B: PROBLEMS
• REFERENCES
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• INDEX