Web Applications using JSP (Java Server Page)

Develop a fully functional web application

P. Parthik

• Publisher: BPB Publications
• Year: 2018
• ISBN:
  9789388176200
• Topic: Computer Science
• Subtopic: Web Programming
• Index: Computer Science

Step by Step guide to develop a Java based web and enterprise application. Key Features

• Correct sequence of the chapters that help the learners to become expertise
• One stop solution for the Java based web application development
• In-depth explanation of topics
• More number of programs are given to understanding the topic
• Developing fully functional application is the primary objective of this, instead of teaching merely topics
• New areas such as Apache POI, Hibernate
• Dedicated chapter for MVC design pattern

Description
Web Application using JSP is a text book and reference for the people who wish to learn and develop a Java based web and enterprise application. It covers all the major topics in JSP. By providing more examples and programs, the learner can develop a fully-functional web application. All the programs are developed and tested with major IDE. First it takes the learner into the world of web application development through the introductory chapter. Later on the JSP is introduced to the learner to make the server-side scripting easy and elegant. Two chapters have been dedicated entirely for database handling through JSP using JDBC and Hibernate. MVC is given to let the learner to integrate features of Servlets and JSP. Producing the HTML page is not the only way for outputting the results of the web application, so two chapters are allotted to teach the learners to output the results of the web application in various forms such PDF, WORD, EXCEL. What Will You Learn

• Fundamentals of Web Application and Java Server Page
• Developing and Executing JSP Program
• Scripting Elements and Implicit Objects
• JSP Document and Action Elements, JSP with Hibernate, Database Access in JSP
• Exception Handling and Expression Language
• Session Management, Custom Tags and Filters
• JSTL (JSP Standard Tag Library)
• MVC based Web Application
• Apache POI, Generating PDF Document

Who This Book Is For
Graduate, Post graduate, Academicians, Educationists, Professionals. Table of Contents
1. Fundamentals of Web Application
2. Fundamentals of Java Server Page
3. Developing and Executing JSP Program
4. Scripting Elements
5. Implicit Objects
6. JSP Document and Action Elements
7. Exception Handling and Expression Language
8. Session Management
9. Custom Tags and Filters
10. JSTL (JSP Standard Tag Library)
11. Database Access in JSP
12. MVC based Web Application
13. Apache POI
14. Generating PDF Document
15. JSP with Hibernate About the Author
P. Karthik has completed MSc Computer Science in the year 2010 and BEd in 2011. Qualified SET during the academic year 2012. Completed MPhil CS in the year 2015. Has completed two diplomas in Animation and Computer Hardware Servicing in TNOU and one PG diploma in Information Security from IGNOU. Working as assistant professor for 5+ years in the UG Department of Computer Science Sacred Heart College – Tirupattur, Tamil Nadu which has received 95th ranking by NIRF in 2017. Have been teaching Java technology for UG and PG students of computer science and software technology since 2012. Guided around 50 students in Java based projects. Presented paper in National and International Journal and conferences and attended many workshops. Specializations are Software Engineering, Java Technology (from core Java to J2EE), Android and Computer Networks.

Chapter 1

Fundamentals of Web Application

Objectives

• To aware about the origin of the Network and Internet.
• To learn about the web infrastructure and communication.
• To differentiate among static and dynamic
• To understand the Client-server Architecture.
• To know the various technologies that make up the website.
• To learn about the directory structure of a website.
• To know how to host a website.

1.1 History of Network and Internet

Today website and web application have grown from merely showing text and image content or just acting as information provider to the new level of accomplishing business operations of larger organizations and many more. Nowadays, we can see how website plays different roles in day-to-day life and it is mostly based on any one of the following:

• Official or Corporate Websites - college and school, organizational websites.
• Web Applications - Online exam application site for SSC, UPSC.
• Enterprise Applications -Banking Applications.
• Social Network sites - Facebook, Twitter.
• E-Commerce sites - Flip kart and Amazon.
• E-Learning platform -Moodle platforms and others.
• Cloud Services - Software services such as GOOGLE apps
• Others - Blog, Government sites or E-governance sites, Community site, News and Religious sites

From simple webpage, the website has taken many avatars as mentioned above in past two and half decades. This tremendous growth has not come overnight, but came from the research network called ARPANET and it was developed under the direction of U.S. Defense Department. The ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) was the first computer network, which was launched on 29th October 1969 and it works on Packet Switching Technique. Initially the APRANET consists of only four computers each of which located at:

• University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
• Stanford Research Institute (SRI)
• University of Utah
• University of California, Santa Barbara

Soon after the launching of ARPANET, the computer scientists have begun their research towards more reliable and robust computer network which can connect more computers. This research work has led to the invention of TCP/IP protocol and the ARPANET is the first network which adopted the TCP/IP protocol on January 1, 1983 for its network communication. Before the TCP/IP protocol, The ARPANET used NCP (Network Control Program or Protocol) to establish a communication among its computers in the same network. Unlike the NCP, the TCP/IP protocol allows computers from different networks to communicate each other. From there a new revolution has begun in the world of computing that is "INTERNET” and it is termed as "Network of Networks", Because it allows computers from one network to communicate with the computers of the other network, and thus forms a Network of networks.

So, ARPANET and the TCP/IP protocol are the foundation for the modern Online World or Internet. The computer scientist named “Vint Cerf” and his colleague "Robert E. Kahn” were the architectures of TCP/IP protocol and the Internet. That's why the Vint Cerf and Robert E. Kahn are called as "Father of Internet". Even then the Internet was not recognized by all until another invention "WWW (World Wide Web)” came from the British computer scientist named "Tim Berners-Lee” in the beginning of 90s. (Figure 1.1) Tim Berners-Lee not only invented the WWW, but also invented the following two important stuff which are essential part of the WWW.

• WEB SERVER
  The CERN httpd or W3C httpd is the world's first Web Server software. Invented in the year 1990.
• WEB BROWSER
  The World's first Web Browser software is World Wide Web or Nexus. Invente in the year 1990.

After inventing the WWW and other stuff (Web Browser and Web server) the Tim Berners-Lee decided to constitute the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) which monitors the further growth and development of Web based technologies in the year 1994. Since then he acts as a director of W3C.

vrfvbFigure 1.1: Origin of Web

Internet And Www

The terms “Internet” and “World Wide Web” are often used interchangeably, but they are not one and/or same. The Internet is a network infrastructure (including both Hardware and Software facilities) which enables a computer in one network to communicate and interchange the information and other stuff with the computer present in the other network. Through the massive network infrastructure, Internet enables the millions of computers around the world to connect and communicate with each other in a real-time. On the other hand, the WWW or Web is a collection of millions of websites (Each website hosted by a dedicated computer with web server) which contain text, image and multimedia content and made them available online 24/7. The WWW incorporates the Internet infrastructure to exchange the WebPages or Website from source computer to the millions of destination computers.

1.2 Web Infrastructure and Web Communication

An Infrastructure is nothing but a physical structure and facilities which are needed for the proper functioning of a network. Since the Web or WWW uses the Internet infrastructure as it is the backbone for communication among its computers. The Web Infrastructure is same as Internet infrastructure. The Internet infrastructure is mainly based on the architecture of world's first computer network ARPANET. The ARPANET is a single network whereas INTERNET is a network of networks, in which each network in an Internet follows the architecture of the ARPANET. So it is good to start our discussion from the architecture of ARPANET, since it led to the Internet and Web infrastructure.

Network Architecture

The first computer network, ARPANET followed the “Client-Server Architecture” to organize its computers in the same network. The same architecture is still followed by all the modern computer networks such as LAN, WAN, MAN, Intranet and Internet.

Client-Server Architecture

The Client-Server Architecture is a computer network architecture which tells that a computer in a network may either be a “SERVER” or a “CLIENT". A typical network has at least one SERVER and multiple CLIENTS. To manage the workload sometime multiple servers are also deployed, each of which manages certain number of clients. The Server and clients interacts with each other through a well-established network infrastructure as depicted in the figure 1.2.

Figure 1.2: Client-Server Architecture

This network infrastructure is a communication backbone between server and clients; it may be a LAN or WAN or Intranet or Internet. The client-server communication occurs in a “Request-Response Pattern", in which the clients make a request and the server returns a response. Especially a Server is a robust computer which can handle multiple distinct clients' request at a time. Since a network has a multiple computers each may have different Hardware and Software platforms, in order to establish a proper interaction; a Communication Protocol will be employed. A protocol is nothing but a set of rules and regulations which gover...