Power System Transients

Theory and Applications, Second Edition

Akihiro Ametani, Naoto Nagaoka, Yoshihiro Baba, Teruo Ohno, Koichi Yamabuki

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2016
• Print ISBN:
  9780367736675
• eBook ISBN:
  9781315349435
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications
• Index: Technology & Engineering

This new edition covers a wide area from transients in power systems—including the basic theory, analytical calculations, EMTP simulations, computations by numerical electromagnetic analysis methods, and field test results—to electromagnetic disturbances in the field on EMC and control engineering. Not only does it show how a transient on a single-phase line can be explained from a physical viewpoint, but it then explains how it can be solved analytically by an electric circuit theory. Approximate formulas, which can be calculated by a pocket calculator, are presented so that a transient can be analytically evaluated by a simple hand calculation. Since a real power line is three-phase, this book includes a theory that deals with a multi-phase line for practical application. In addition, methods for tackling a real transient in a power system are introduced. This new edition contains three completely revised and updated chapters, as well as two new chapters on grounding and numerical methods.

1

Theory of Distributed-Parameter Circuits and Impedance/Admittance Formulas

1.1 Introduction

When investigating transient and high-frequency steady-state phenomena, conductors such as a transmission line, a machine winding, and a measuring wire demonstrate a distributed-parameter nature. Well-known, lumped-parameter circuits are an approximation of a distributed-parameter circuit for describing a low-frequency, steady-state phenomenon of the conductor. That is, a current in a conductor, even a short conductor, needs time to travel from its sending end to its remote end because of its finite propagation velocity (300 m/µs in a free space). From this fact, it should be clear that a differential equation expressing the behavior of current and voltage along the conductor involves variables of distance x and time t or frequency f. Thus, it becomes a partial differential equation. However, a lumped-parameter circuit is expressed by an ordinary differential equation since no concept of the length or the traveling time exists. This is the most significant difference between the distributed-parameter circuit and the lumped-parameter circuit.

In this chapter, a theory of distributed-parameter circuits is explained starting from the approximate impedance and admittance formulas of an overhead conductor. The derivation of the approximate formulas is described from the viewpoint...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• Preface
• Authors
• List of Symbols
• List of Acronyms
• International Standards
• 1 Theory of Distributed-Parameter Circuits and Impedance/Admittance Formulas
• 2 Transients on Overhead Lines
• 3 Transients on Cable Systems
• 4 Transient and Dynamic Characteristics of New Energy Systems
• 5 Numerical Electromagnetic Analysis Methods and Their Application in Transient Analyses
• 6 Electromagnetic Disturbances in Power Systems and Customer Homes
• 7 Grounding
• 8 Problems and Application Limits of Numerical Simulations
• Index