NOTES
Components of Irish Nationalism
1.D. George Boyce, Nationalism in Ireland (Baltimore, 1982), and Robert Kee, The Green Flag (New York, 1972) are excellent discussions of the manys strands of Irish nationalism. Shorter but perceptive examinations are Maurice Goldring, Faith of Our Fathers (Dublin, 1982) and Owen Dudley Edwards, âIreland,â Celtic Nationalism (New York, 1968). Boyceâs first three chapters discuss the growth of local self-consciousness in Irelandâs first English colony and its implications for nationalism.
2.Maureen Wall, The Penal Laws, 1691-1760, Irish History Series, no. 1 (Dundalk, 1961) is the best study of its subject.
3.Mary Edith Johnson, Ireland in the Eighteenth-Century (Dublin, 1974) is a good survey. Boyce, Nationalism in Ireland chaps. 3 and 4, and Kee, The Green Flag, pt. 1, chaps. 5 and 6, provide valuable insights into Protestant patriotism.
4.Tom Dunne, Theobald Wolfe Tone, Colonial Outsider (Cork, 1982) is a brief, perceptive, revisionist portrait of the first hero of Irish revolutionary republicanism.
5.Marianne Elliott, Partners in Revolution: United Irishmen and France (New Haven, 1982) is an excellent and exhaustive analysis of the United Irishmen. Other valuable examinations are Thomas Pakenham, The Year of Liberty: The Great Rebellion of 1798 (London, 1967); Edwards, âIrelandâ; Kee, The Green Flag, pt. 2; and Boyce, Nationalism in Ireland, chap. 4. One of the best ways to understand 1798 is by reading Thomas Flanaganâs National Book Critics Circle Award novel, The Year of the French (New York, 1979). He sets his story in Mayo, but it reveals the essence of the entire 1798 situation. The Ulster Protestant mind that birthed the Orange Order is best described in David Miller, The Queenâs Rebels (New York, 1978), and A.T.Q. Stewart, The Narrow Ground (London, 1977).
6.G.C. Bolton, The Passing of the Act of Union (London, 1966). Oliver MacDonagh, The Hereditary Bondsmen: Daniel OâConnell, 1775-1829 (New York, 1988) is an excellent scholarly study of OâConnellâs life through the Catholic emancipation crisis. Volume II will follow. Of the many OâConnell biographies, Sean OâFaolain, The King of the Beggars (Dublin, 1980), originally published in 1938, remains the most readable and insightful total profile of the creator of modern Irish nationalism. Maurice OâConnell, The Correspondence of Daniel OâConnell, (Dublin and New York, 1972-80) has made possible significant scholarly investigation into the life of Catholic Irelandâs Liberator.
8.For interesting examinations of the priestâs role in Irish life and politics, see Emmet Larkin, The Historical Dimensions of Irish Catholicism (Washington, 1984); Patrick Corish, The Irish Catholic Experience (Wilmington, 1985); Theodore Hoppen, Elections, Politics, and Society in Ireland, 1832-1885 (Oxford, 1984); S. J. Connolly, Priests and People in Pre-Famine Ireland, 1780-1845 (New York, 1982); James OâShea, Priest, Politics and Society in Post-Famine Ireland: A Study of County Tipperary, 1850-1891 (Atlantic Highlands, N.J., 1983); Donal A. Kerr, Peel, Priest and Politics (Oxford, 1982).
9.Fergus OâFerrall, Catholic Emancipation: Daniel OâConnell and the Birth of Irish Democracy, 1820-30 (Dublin, 1985) has superseded James A. Reynoldâs valuable, The Catholic Emancipation Crisis in Ireland (New Haven, 1954) as the best study of the Irish Catholic struggle for civil rights.
10.Kevin Nowlan, The Politics of Repeal (Toronto, 1965).
11.John Whyte, The Independent Irish-Party, 1850-1859 (London, 1958).
12.âWe aim at founding a republic based on universal suffrage, which shall secure to all the intrinsic value of their labor. The soil of Ireland at present in the possession of an oligarchy belongs to us, the Irish people, and to us it must be restored. We declare also in favour of absolute liberty of conscience, and the separation of church and stateâ (âFenian Proclamation of an Irish Republic,â London Times, 8 March 1867).
13.Lawrence J. McCaffrey, Irish Federalism in the 1870s: A Study in Conservative Nationalism (Philadelphia, 1962), and David Thornley, Isaac Butt and Home Rule (London, 1964).
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