Women's Movements in Twentieth-Century Taiwan

Doris Chang

• Publisher: University of Illinois Press
• Year: 2010
• Print ISBN: 9780252033957
• eBook ISBN: 9780252090813
• Topic: Social Sciences
• Subtopic: Asian History
• Index: Social Sciences

This book is the first in English to consider women's movements and feminist discourses in twentieth-century Taiwan. Doris T. Chang examines the way in which Taiwanese women in the twentieth century selectively appropriated Western feminist theories to meet their needs in a modernizing Confucian culture. She illustrates the rise and fall of women's movements against the historical backdrop of the island's contested national identities, first vis-à-vis imperial Japan (1895-1945) and later with postwar China (1945-2000).

In particular, during periods of soft authoritarianism in the Japanese colonial era and late twentieth century, autonomous women's movements emerged and operated within the political perimeters set by the authoritarian regimes. Women strove to replace the "Good Wife, Wise Mother" ideal with an individualist feminism that meshed social, political, and economic gender equity with the prevailing Confucian family ideology. However, during periods of hard authoritarianism from the 1930s to the 1960s, the autonomous movements collapsed.

The particular brand of Taiwanese feminism developed from numerous outside influences, including interactions among an East Asian sociopolitical milieu, various strands of Western feminism, and even Marxist-Leninist women's liberation programs in Soviet Russia. Chinese communism appears not to have played a significant role, due to the Chinese Nationalists' restriction of communication with the mainland during their rule on post-World War II Taiwan.

Notably, this study compares the perspectives of Madame Chiang Kai-shek, whose husband led as the president of the Republic of China on Taiwan from 1949 to 1975, and Hsiu-lien Annette Lu, Taiwan's vice president from 2000 to 2008. Delving into period sources such as the highly influential feminist monthly magazine Awakening as well as interviews with feminist leaders, Chang provides a comprehensive historical and cross-cultural analysis of the struggle for gender equality in Taiwan.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• Contents
• Acknowledgments
• Chronology of Taiwan’s History
• Note on Transcription
• Introduction
• 1. Feminist Discourses and Women’s Movements under Japanese Colonial Rule, 1895–1945
• 2. The Kuomintang Policies on Women and Government-Affiliated Women’s Organizations
• 3. Hsiu-lien Annette Lu: The Pioneering Stage of the Postwar Autonomous Women’s Movement and the Democratic Opposition, 1972–79
• 4. Lee Yuan-chen and Awakening, 1982–89
• 5. The Autonomous Women’s Movement and Feminist Discourse in the Post–Martial Law Era
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Index