Invertebrate Zoology

A Tree of Life Approach

Bernd Schierwater, Rob DeSalle

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2021
• ISBN:
  9781482235845
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Veterinary Medicine

Invertebrate Zoology: A Tree of Life Approach is a comprehensive and authoritative textbook adopting an explicitly phylogenetic organization. Most of the classical anatomical and morphological work has not been changed – it established the foundation of Invertebrate Zoology. With the explosion of Next-Generation Sequencing approaches, there has been a sea-change in the recognized phylogenetic relationships among and between invertebrate lineages. In addition, the merger of evolutionary and developmental biology (evo-devo) has dramatically contributed to changes in the understanding of invertebrate biology. Synthesizing these three approaches (classical morphology, sequencing data, and evo-devo studies) offers students an entirely unique perspective of invertebrate diversity.

Key Features

• One of the first textbooks to combine classical morphological approaches and newer evo-devo and Next-Generation Sequencing approaches to address Invertebrate Zoology
• Organized along taxonomic lines in accord with the latest understanding of invertebrate phylogeny
• Will provide background in basic systematic analysis useful within any study of biodiversity
• A wealth of ancillary materials for students and teachers, including downloadable figures, lecture slides, web links, and phylogenetic data matrices

INVERTEBRATES AND INFORMATIONCHAPTER
1

Rob DeSalle and Bernd Schierwater

CONTENTS

FINDING INFORMATION ABOUT INVERTEBRATE TAXA

THE SCOPE OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY

HISTORICAL INVERTEBRATES

MODERN INVERTEBRATE TAXONOMY

HOW TO WRITE AN INVERTEBRATE SPECIES DESCRIPTION

ANATOMICAL TECHNIQUES FOR EXAMINING INVERTEBRATES

DNA BARCODING, DNA TAXONOMY AND INTEGRATIVE TAXONOMY

CONCLUSION

FINDING INFORMATION ABOUT INVERTEBRATE TAXA

We will organize our discussion of invertebrate taxa by focusing mostly on groups at the level of phylum. We have already discussed this taxonomic level in invertebrate zoology in then Prologue, and here we will simply use phyla (or specific subdivisions within phyla) as our organizing units. We first detail where information on the wonderful diversity and breadth of invertebrate animals can be found.

Several invertebrate zoology textbooks exist. In addition to the many textbooks available, there is a broad literature and a strong web presence addressing invertebrate zoology. In Table 1.1 we list links to Current Biology synopses of most of the phyla we discuss in this text. These short articles are a good place to get an initial familiarity with these phyla. They are written by experts who focus on the phyla in the list and some of their authors are included in this text. Several websites exist that provide information on organisms, and in each chapter of this text specific websites for the individual groups are provided. One of the more comprehensive websites that provides information on all organisms is the Encyclopedia of Life (EoL; https://eol.org/). In Table 1.2 we list links for each phylum addressed in this book (and several subcategories of phyla) to their EoL entries. We also list the number of species, genera and families in each higher taxon in the table.

TABLE 1.1 Current Biology short synopses of some of the major groups of invertebrates

Placozoa^1	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(17)31524-5
Porifer^2	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(05)00143-0
Cnidaria^3	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S09609822(13)00359-X
Cnidaria (Hydrozoa)^4	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(10)01172-3
Ctenophora^5	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(08)01291-8
Ctenophora^5A	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982216309800
Mollusca^6	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(12)00592-1
Platyhelminthes^7	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/comments/S0960-9822(17)30152-5
Bryozoa^8	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(14)00533-8
Chaetognatha^9	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(06)01835-5
Gnathifera^10	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)31541-0
Crustacea^11	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(08)00658-1
Insecta^12	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(15)00927-6
Chelicerata^13	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)30672-9
Arthropods^14	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(19)30486-5
Onychophora^15	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(11)00208-9.pdf
Tardigrada^16	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(16)30007-0
Nematoda^17	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(13)00985-8
Echinodermata^18	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(05)01401-6
Xenoturbellida^19	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/comments/S0960-9822(16)30191-9
Enteropneusta^20	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(02)00491-8
Tunicata^21	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(15)01521-3
Chordates^22	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(05)01326-6
Choanoflagellata^23	https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(05)00142-9

The list also includes the URL of the work for quick access. References for the synopses are given in the superscript. ^1. Schierwater and DeSalle, 2018; ^2. Leys et al., 2005; ^3. Katsuki and Greenspan, 2013 ^4. Glauber et al., 2010; ^5. Pang and Martindale, 2008; 5A. Giribet, 2016; ^6. Haszprunar and Wanninger, 2012; ^7. Collins, 2017; ^8. Leung,...