Vibration Mitigation Systems in Structural Engineering

Okyay Altay

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2021
• eBook ISBN: 9781351347600
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Civil Engineering
• Index: Technology & Engineering

The scope of the book is the application of vibration mitigation systems in structural engineering. The intended content includes the theoretical background covering aspects from both structural dynamics and control engineering point of view. Moreover, passive, active and semi-active devices are explained in detail giving mathematical principles, design considerations and application examples. It also contains detailed information about structural monitoring, as an essential part of the active/semi-active systems, and therefore, provide a full overview about passive, active and semi-active systems in the specific context of civil engineering

• Book presents a comprehensive coverage of the area of vibration control of civil structures subjected to different types of loading while using passive, semi-active, and/or active controls.
• Presents the theoretical governing equations as well as the associated design guides of various vibration control mitigation approaches.
• Discusses structural monitoring aspects such as sensor technology, system identification and signal processing topics.
• Reviews structural control aspects, such as algorithms.
• Includes solved examples utilizing MATLAB®/SIMULINK® with source codes of the calculation examples and design tool set.

This book is aimed at graduate students, professionals, researchers in civil engineering, structural engineering, structural dynamics, health monitoring, vibration control.

Part III

Advanced Damping Systems

6

Active and Semi-Active Damping Systems

6.1 Introduction

As introduced in the previous chapters, passive damping systems, such as dissipators and TMDs can be easily designed. Furthermore, their application is quite straightforward. The operation of these systems does not require any external power supply. Still, they exhibit one significant disadvantage, which is the missing adaptation capability of their control behavior to the actual requirements of the structure and the loading situation. This drawback impedes the possibility of a high performance structural control with the passive devices. Therefore, as alternative, active and semi-active systems are being researched and developed. This chapter is concerned with the description of active and semi-active damping systems.

Both systems are introduced with their relevant components in Sections 6.2.1 and 6.3.1. The chapter includes furthermore application examples of these systems. Particularly, pioneering applications are introduced in Sections 6.2.2 and 6.3.2.

6.2 Active Damping Systems

6.2.1 Description

Active damping systems generate exogenous control forces by means of actuators, which are operated by an external power. Depending on the dimensions of the controlled structure, usually large-size actuators are required. Linear motors using electro-magnetism or ball-screw mechanisms as well as hydraulic actuation are used for the force generation.

Active systems aim to realize restoring forces, which should protect both the safety of structures and the comfort requirements of the occupants. However, the dependency of the system on the external power supply is a weak point, which might become particularly dangerous during hazardous events, such as earthquakes, which are usually accompanied by power failure.

The control forces of active systems are determined in real-time from the measured dynamic response of the structure, which is excited by a natural event or an anthropogenic activity. Robust algorithms are required both for the identification of the relevant system parameters and determination of the control force characteristics. However, this can be quite ch...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• List of Abbreviations
• I Fundamentals
• II Conventional Damping Systems
• III Advanced Damping Systems
• A MATLAB Codes of Examples
• Bibliography
• Index