Dental Trauma at a Glance

Aws Alani, Gareth Calvert

• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
• Year: 2021
• ISBN:
  9781119562993
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Oral Health & Surgery

Dental Trauma at a Glance

The market?leading at a Glance series is popular among students and newly qualified practitioners for its concise and simple approach and excellent illustrations.

Each bite?sized chapter is covered in a double?page spread with clear, easy?to?follow diagrams, supported by succinct explanatory text.

Covering a wide range of topics, books in the at a Glance series are ideal as introductory texts for teaching, learning and revision and are useful throughout university and beyond.

Everything you need to know about Dental Trauma … at a Glance!

Written in a short and concise manner, Dental Trauma at a Glance is a practical reference that contains essential information on the safe and effective clinical management of acute adult dental trauma injuries.

The book addresses the numerous types of adult dental injuries and contains guidance on how the correct identification and treatment of these injuries can be time sensitive. Filled with helpful illustrations and photographs, the text is formatted in a step-by-step manner for the reader to arrive at the correct diagnosis and the most up-to-date management for safe and optimum patientcare.

• Provides the most contemporary must-have information for the clinical management of acute adult dental trauma
• Its format is quick and easy to use
• Offers a highly illustrated text with quality clinical photographs to aid with learning and revision
• Provides an understanding of traumatic adult dental injuries, their healing and an insight into their longer-term sequelae

A new addition to the popular at a Glance series, Dental Trauma at a Glance is an indispensable hands-on guide for dental students and general dental practitioners.

Accompanied by a companion website at www.wiley.com/go/alani/dental_trauma featuring:

• Multiple-choice questions to aid learning
• All figures from the book as downloadable PowerPoint slides

1
Risk factors for dental trauma

Figure 1.1 Demonstration of a 6mm overjet.

Figure 1.2 Lower lip trapped behind the maxillary incisor.

Figure 1.3 A heavily restored dentition following dental trauma with numerous fractured and decemented restorations.

Figure 1.4 Dental trauma caused by sporting activities, in this case boxing.

Figure 1.5 Dental trauma caused by a road traffic accident presenting 2 years later with severe hard and soft tissue defects.

Introduction

With any acquired defects or injuries, the basis for management is the identification of risk factors and their reduction to maximise preventative strategies. By instigating awareness amongst the public, injuries can be avoided, and the burden of their management during the patient’s life can be mitigated or completely removed. At worst, the severity of injuries can be reduced, making them easier to manage and resolve. Dental trauma injuries such as avulsion or intrusion can be complicated and challenging for the clinician, whereas conditions that involve luxation type injuries are easier to plan and manage future physiological or biological changes during the lifetime of the patient. The following are common risk factors (Glendor 2009).

Oral predisposing factors

• Patients with an overjet of 6 mm or greater (Figure 1.1).
• Lip incompetence (Figure 1.2).
• Protruding upper anterior teeth.
• Patients with residual dental disease, such as heavily restored teeth or periodontitis, are more likely to suffer greater consequences of trauma than those with otherwise intact healthy dentitions (Figure 1.3).

Unintentional traumatic dental injuries

• Formulates a large cohort of dental injuries.
• Patients prone to falling over due to medical conditions or those that may be at a greater risk due to seizures such as epilepsy may present multiple times throughout their lives.
• Sports that involve projectile equipment such as hockey, cricket, or football are also at a greater risk. Ice hockey has been shown to have the highest prevalence of all sports.
• Contact sports such as boxing and martial arts also carry an increased risk. Non‐contact sports such as gymnastics, horse riding, and athletics also represent a risk.

Socioeconomic factors

• There is some evidence that shows areas with greater deprivation have a higher prevalence of trauma.
• Densely populated areas also show a greater prevalence.

Human behaviour

• Patients who take risks with their physical safety are at a greater risk of dental trauma (Figure 1.4).
• Situations of greater interpersonal difficulty such as being bullied have a higher risk of dental trauma.
• Patients who are hyperactive, such as those with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD, are at a greater risk of dental trauma.
• Inappropriate use of teeth such as the opening of bottles or beverages also has a higher risk of dental trauma.

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