Nano- and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production

Avinash P. Ingle

• Publisher: Wiley
• Year: 2021
• Print ISBN:
  9781119730002
• eBook ISBN:
  9781119730033
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Tecnologia e ingegneria
• Subtopic: Scienza dei materiali

Reviews recent advances in catalytic biodiesel synthesis, highlighting various nanocatalysts and nano(bio)catalysts developed for effective biodiesel production

Nano- and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production delivers an essential reference for academic and industrial researchers in biomass valorization and biofuel industries. The book covers both nanocatalysts and biocatalysts, bridging the gap between homogenous and heterogenous catalysis.

Readers will learn about the techno-economical and environmental aspects of biodiesel production using different feedstocks and catalysts. They will also discover how nano(bio)catalysts can be used as effective alternatives to conventional catalysts in biodiesel production due to their unique properties, including reusability, high activation energy and rate of reaction, easy recovery, and recyclability.

Readers will benefit from the inclusion of:

• Introductions to CaO nanocatalysts, zeolite nanocatalysts, titanium dioxide-based nanocatalysts and zinc-based in biodiesel production
• An exploration of carbon-based heterogeneous nanocatalysts for the production of biodiesel
• Practical discussions of bio-based nano catalysts for biodiesel production and the application of nanoporous materials as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production
• An analysis of the techno-economical considerations of biodiesel production using different feedstocks

Nano- and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production focuses on recent advances in the field and offers a complete and informative guide for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in the fields of biofuels and bioenergy, catalysis, biotechnology, bioengineering, nanotechnology, and materials science.

1
Biodiesel: Different Feedstocks, Conventional Methods, and Factors Affecting its Production

Hossein Esmaeili¹ and Sajad Tamjidi²

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran

²Department of Chemical Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

1.1 Introduction

Fossil fuels are a non‐renewable source of energy whose reserves are limited, and they take millions of years to develop (Banković–Ilić et al. 2014). The widespread use of petroleum derivatives in recent decades has led to energy crisis, global climate change, environmental pollution, and many medical problems, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers (Dhiraj and Mangesh 2012). Collectively, all these concerns, along with others like global warming and greenhouse gas emissions, have spurred the search for alternative fuels (e.g., biohydrogen, biodiesel, bioethanol, biomethanol, biogas, natural gas, and bioelectricity) that have relatively less adverse impacts on and greater compatibility with the environment (Demirbas 2004; Nascimento et al. 2011; Fahd et al. 2014). According to a report presented by the International Energy Agency (IEA), by 2035, world energy consumption will increase by 33% (International Energy Agency 2013), and it is anticipated that 40% of the growth will come from renewable sources. Among the renewable energies, biodiesel has recently experienced significant developments thanks to its outstanding advantages, including higher cetane number (CN), nontoxicity, and higher flashpoint compared with fossil fuels (Liu et al. 2010; Hasheminejad et al. 2011). Biodiesel is a biofuel with properties closely mimicking those of diesel, but without unfavorable contents such as nitrogen, sulfur, and polycyclic aromatics. This renewable biofuel is a mono‐alkyl esters of long‐chain fatty acids that is produced from vegetable oil, waste edible oil (WEO), waste cooking oil (WCO), waste non‐edible oil, animal fats, and microorganisms such as algae, fungi, and bacteria (Kralova and Sjoblom 2010; Nabi and Hoque 2008).

There are four primary methods of biodiesel production: blending, microemulsion, thermal cracking (pyrolysis), and transesterification. Among these, the transesterification reaction is the most commonly used for the conversion of oils into biodiesel, because the fuel produced by this method has been found to be highly compatible with conventional diesel engines. Direct use of the vegetable oil‐derived biodiesel damages such engines due to the high viscosity of the oil (Ramli et al. 2017). The most common short‐chain alcohols used for this purpose include methanol and ethanol; thanks to its lower price, methanol is the economic alcohol...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Table of Contents
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Preface
• List of Contributors
• 1 Biodiesel: Different Feedstocks, Conventional Methods, and Factors Affecting its Production
• 2 Nano(Bio)Catalysts: An Effective Tool to Utilize Waste Cooking Oil for the Biodiesel Production
• 3 A Review on the Use of Bio/Nanostructured Heterogeneous Catalysts in Biodiesel Production
• 4 Calcium‐Based Nanocatalysts in Biodiesel Production
• 5 Titanium Dioxide‐Based Nanocatalysts in Biodiesel Production
• 6 Zinc‐Based Nanocatalysts in Biodiesel Production
• 7 Carbon‐Based Nanocatalysts in Biodiesel Production
• 8 Functionalized Magnetic Nanocatalysts in Biodiesel Production
• 9 Bio‐Based Catalysts in Biodiesel Production
• 10 Heterogeneous Nanocatalytic Conversion of Waste to Biodiesel
• 11 Application of Rare Earth Cation‐Exchanged Nanozeolite as a Support for the Immobilization of Fungal Lipase and their Use in Biodiesel Production
• 12 Lipase‐Immobilized Magnetic Nanoparticles: Promising Nanobiocatalysts for Biodiesel Production
• 13 Technoeconomic Analysis of Biodiesel Production Using Different Feedstocks
• Index
• End User License Agreement