Bioenergy Engineering

Mahendra S. Seveda, Pradip D. Narale, Suhir N. Kharpude, Mahendra S. Seveda, Pradip D. Narale, Suhir N. Kharpude

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2021
• Print ISBN: 9781032137995
• eBook ISBN: 9781000480900
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Scienze biologiche
• Subtopic: Energia

The book provides information on recent advancements in bioenergy engineering to graduates, post-graduates, research scholars, faculty members, academician, researchers and practitioners studying and working in field of the bioenergy engineering. It is an invaluable information resource on biomass-based biofuels for fundamental and applied research, catering to researchers in the areas of biogas technology, densification techniques, biomass gasification, torrefaction of biomass, biochar production, micro algae production, improved biomass cookstoves, bio-ethanol production and the use of microbial processes in the conversion of biomass into biofuels. It will also be useful to faculties and researchers to understand the present status, advancements and policies in implementation of bioenergy technologies in India. This book will definitely provide a direction to the young researchers in identification of thrust areas of research in the field of bioenergy. The book concludes with research and development endeavours and aspects relating to implementation of advance bioenergy technologies.

CHAPTER - 1
RECENT TRENDS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF BIOENERGY PRODUCTION IN INDIA

Anubhab Pal and Thaneswer Patel^*

Department of Agricultural Engineering North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology Nirjuli, Itanagar- 791109, Arunachal Pradesh, India

^*Corresponding Author

DOI: 10.1201/9781003230878-1

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Indian economy is based on agriculture, and therefore, biomass has been an important energy source in Indiafor a long time. Currently, India has an energy potential of about 18 GW of energy from biomass. About 70% of the country’s population depends upon biomassfor theirdaily energy needs. The energy demand in India is expected to be more than 3 to 4 times the current level in the next 25 years. Hence Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has initiated several schemes and programme for promotingand popularizingof efficient bioenergy production technologies for its use to ensure the derivation of maximum benefits. Bioenergyis being used for various purposes such as heat generation, transport, electricity generation etc. Currently, the world is facing a major climate change crisis due to greenhouse gas emissions from petroleum products, and therefore in many countries, including India, over the past few years, many researchers have actively been investigating the adaptability of renewable energy sources to different applications. As s result, the contribution of bio-energy to heat in industries has grown by around 2% during recent years. Bioenergy can be classified into two types based on the conversion technique used viz. thermochemical and biochemical conversion. The bio-energy produced by the thermochemical process is mainly used in domestic and as well as industrial purposes and the bio-energy produced by biochemical sources is commonly used in transportation. In this chapter, the status, potential, limitations, and future research direction of bioenergy production have been discussed.

1. INTRODUCTION

Bioenergy is the energy derived from the organic material, also known as biomass. The energy may be in the form of gas – biogas, liquid – biodiesel etc. The biomass can be from plant timber, leaves, agricultural waste, animal waste, and sometimes sewage. The biomass used as an energy source is known as a feedstock. The feedstocks are sometimes grown especially for their energy content, or sometimes these feedstocks can be made up of the waste products obtained from agriculture and allied industries. In India, for a long time, biomass is being used to meet the energy demands of the rural population. Biomass in the form of firewood and cowdung cake has always been used by our forefathers for cooking and heating. 21.67 % (712,249 ha) of India’s total geographical area is covered by forest, and hence there is a massive scope of biomass harvesting from these forest land. As biomass is renewable, available widely, and carbon-neutral, therefore it has a lot of potential for providing a significant level of employment in ruralIndia through small and cottage industries. Another benefit of biomass is that it is also capable of providing energy securitytorural India.

According to the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India, New Delhi around 32% of the total primary energy being used in India is derived from biomass. Also, more than 70% of the country’s population depends upon the biomass for their energy needs [1]. As India is a signatory of the Paris climate agreement, therefore, by the year 2030, India has to create a cumulative carbon sink of 2.5-3 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent. This can be achieved by reducing the dependency on fossil fuel and provide more focus on renewable sources like bioenergy. India’s potential for bioenergy is around 18 GW and has ~5+ GW capacity biomass power plants, among which 83% are grid-connected, and the remaining 17% are off-grid plants. Also, around 70 Cogeneration projects are being implemented shortly with an additional capacity of 800 MW [2]. As a result of the instability in the oil prices in the International market and also because of the instability in the oil-producing regions, the surge in the energy demand from both rural and as well as urban areas, and also due to the greater awareness about the climate change and its implications due to fossil fuel usage have positively contributed to a greater interest in bioenergy among the government and as well as the common citizens. In the following chapter, we will discuss the different sources of bioenergy, their scope, and futu...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• Preface
• List of Contributors
• 1. Recent Trends and Future Prospects of Bioenergy Production in India
• 2. Biogas Production, Utilization and Entrepreneurship Opportunities
• 3. Advancements in Biogas Slurry Management Technologies
• 4. Technological Up-gradation in Biogas Production and Utilization for Energy Generation
• 5. Present Status and Advancements in Biomass Gasification
• 6. Torrefaction of Biomass
• 7. Algal Biomass: A Promising Source for Future Bioenergy Production
• 8. Micro Algae Production for Bio Fuel Generation
• 9. Biochar Production for Environmental Application
• 10. Advancement in Improved Biomass Cookstove and Its Current Status in India
• 11. Practical Evaluation Approach of a Typical Biomass Cookstove
• 12. Densification Technologies for Agro Waste Management
• 13. Recent Advancement in Biochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Bioethanol and Biogas
• 14. Bamboo as a Building Material for Climate Change Mitigation
• Index