Modern Electronics and Communication Engineering

M.L. Anand

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2021
• Print ISBN: 9781032120881
• eBook ISBN: 9781000468571
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications
• Index: Technology & Engineering

This is the book, in which the subject matter is dealt from elementary to the advance level in a unique manner. Three outstanding features can be claimed for the book viz. (i) style; the student, while going through the pages would feel as if he is attending a class room. (ii) language: that an average student can follow and (iii) approach: it takes the student from ''known to unknown'' and ''simple to complex.'' The book is reader friendly, thought provoking and stimulating. It helps in clearing cobwebs of the mind. The style is lucid and un-adulterated. Unnecessary mathematics has been avoided.

Note: T&F does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

PART I

ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

1

Introduction

It is a well known fact that, we cannot exist in this modern world without the knowledge of Electronics.

1.1 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

The term ‘electronics’ is derived from ‘electron.’ All matter is made up of atoms and each atom consists of a nucleus (having protons and neutrons) and one or more electrons. The protons are positively charged particles, the neutrons carry no charge and the electrons are negatively charged particles, revolving around the nucleus.

Electronics engineering can be defined as the branch of engineering which deals with the flow of electrons (i.e., current) through the vacuum, gases and semiconducting materials.

It may also be defined as the branch of engineering which deals with electronic devices and circuits.

Electrical vs Electronics Engineering

Remember, Electrical engineering is the science which deals with the flow of electrons through the conductors (metals) only whereas, the Electronics Engineering deals with the flow of electrons through semiconductors and insulators.

Note: We know that materials can be classified as

1. Conducting materials
2. Semiconducting materials
3. Insulating materials

Table. 1.1: Classification of Materials on the Basis of Atomic Theory

S. No.	Particulars	Conducting Material	Semiconducting Material	Insulating Material
1.	Resistivity	Low	Medium	High
2.	Electrons in the last orbit	1, 2 or 3	4	More than 4
3.	Free electrons	Last orbit electrons are free	May be made free	Not free
4.	Bonding	Metallic bond	Covalent bond	—

1.2 APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRONICS

We will study the applications of electronics in different fields.

1. We have electronic rectifiers which can convert AC into DC and have also ‘inverters’ which can do the reverse. Now the control in industry is through electronic and computerized operations. We are controlling our machines in our workshops through computers using computerized numerically controlled (CNC) machines.
2. It may be a wire communication like telephone and telegraph. Or, a wireless communication which is used in radio and TV broadcasting. We have photo phones in which we can see the person making the call. We have Fax system through which we can send written messages from one place to another. We have satellite communication, through which we can see TV programmes, telecast from any part of the world.
3. We have electrocardiograph (ECG) and X-ray machines. Now sitting outside we can see on CCTV what is happening inside an operation theatre. We also have the electron microscope, computerized axial tomography (CAT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and many other devices.
4. We know a variety of electronic devices which provide us entertainment at our home, e.g., LCD/LED TV, etc. Now we have remote control in our hand and we can control all devices like TV, fan, etc., from a distance.
5. The invention of integrated circuits (ICs) has made electronic devices smaller and handy We are going towards miniaturization. Now a single IC chip can work as a complete microprocessor.
6. We have precision and sophisticated instruments which give accurate measurements. The most important electronic instmment is Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) which can show wave shapes of input and output signals.

SUMMARY

1. Electronics deals with the current flow through insulators and semiconductors.
2. Electrical Engineering deals with the flow of current through metals only.
3. Electronics has captured all fields: entertainment, d...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Part I: Electronics Engineering
• Part II: Communication Engineering
• Appendices