Subfertility
Recent Advances in Management and Prevention
Rehana Rehman, Aisha Sheikh
- 232 pages
- English
- ePUB (mobile friendly)
- Available on iOS & Android
Subfertility
Recent Advances in Management and Prevention
Rehana Rehman, Aisha Sheikh
About This Book
With the increased prevalence of subfertility(any form of reduced fertility with prolonged time of unwanted non-conception) and the numberofsubfertilepatients turning to assisted reproductive clinics for help, Subfertility: Recent Advances for Management and Preventionisa much-neededresource for today's health care providers.Written by doctors with extensive expertise in the areas of reproductive physiology and endocrinology, it provides adescription of the methods for achieving conception, an overview of the causes of subfertility and how to detect them, a review of the psychological impact of subfertility, guidelines for the treatment of subfertility, and a look at assisted reproductive technologies.
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rovides aholistic approach to the causes and treatment of subfertility, with guidance on selecting patientson the basis ofovarian reserve/sperm parameters and the management of special endocrine abnormalities likepolycysticovariansyndrome, endometriosis, and thyroid disorders.
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Offers a concisereview of the most recent advances for improving assisted reproductive techniques.
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Coversreproductive physiology and the causes of subfertility, with special focus on endocrine abnormalities that lead to subfertility.
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Consolidates today's available information on this timely topic into a single, convenient resource.
Frequently asked questions
Information
Chapter 1: Anatomy and embryology of male and female reproductive systems
Abstract
Keywords
Embryology of the male and female reproductive systems
Gene name or pseudonyms | Human gene locus | Protein name | Protein type | Genetic or cellular targets of factors | Action of factors | Effects of overexpression or underexpression of gene |
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Factors involved in both ovary and testis sex determinations | ||||||
SF1* NR5A1 FTZF1 Ad4BP | 9q33 | SF1 | Orphan nuclear receptor/zinc finger transcription factor | WT1, SRY, SOX9, DAX1, GNRHR, LHβ, ACTHR, AMH, AMHR, STAR, CYP11A1, CYP21A2, CYP11B1, OXT, and others | Activates transcription of many genes in the development of gonads, adrenal glands; regulates steroidogenesis; synergizes with WT1; antagonizes; DAXi. Dose-dependent activity. | KO mice (XX and XY): no gonads or adrenals; retained Müllerian structures; abnormal hypothalamus. Haploinsufficient mice: reduced but not absent adrenal function Homozygous human mutation: 46,XY sex reversal and adrenal hypoplasia Heterozygous human mutation: 46,XX normal ovary, partial adrenal insufficiency |
WT1* | 11p13 | WT1 | Zinc finger transcription factor; tumor repressor | DAX1, AMH, SRY, IGF2I, IGF1R, PDGFA, PAX2 | Represses transcription; activates transcription of SRY; dose-dependent effects | XY homozygous deletion of WT1 + KTS isoform: male-to-female sex reversal; XY homozygous deletion of WT1 + KTS isoform: streak gonads in XX and XY. Human Denys–Drash syndrome: gonadal dysgenesis, congenital nephropathy, Wilms’ tumor |
GATA4* | 8p23.1-p22 | GATA4 | Zinc finger transcription factor | “GATA” DNA motif; AMH; genes encoding steroidogenic enzymes | Expressed early in both ovary and testis; interacts with FOG2 | KO mice: embryonic lethal, no gonadal phenotype reported. Most human mutations cause isolated cardiac defects. Rare cases are reported with both cardiac defects and 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis |
CBX2* | 17q25.3 | CBX2 | Transcription repressor | Possibly ... |