Advanced First Aid for First Responder on Scene

Frank O'Connor

• Publisher: PageTurner Press and Media
• Year: 2021
• eBook ISBN: 9781638711575
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Medical Theory, Practice & Reference

This book leads you in an easy-to-understand way through the steps of basic first aid right through to a more advanced responder level. It is based on recognized Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG's) which cover Basic First Aid, First Aid Responder, Cardiac First Responder and Emergency First Responder. It is the ideal learning tool or reference book for whichever one of these levels you choose to undertake. It is in essence four books rolled into one.

The book itself can be used in partnership with any course manual or as a standalone coursebook. For the home, where accidents can happen quite easily, this book could be a lifesaver. With 27 easy-to-follow algorithms covering the most common emergencies, it means that all your information from diagnosis to treatment can be found on one page. There are also over 170 illustrations.If you're serious about becoming a first responder, this is the book for you

Copyright © 2021 by Frank O’Connor

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All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or manner, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the express written permission of the copyright owner except for the use of brief quotations in a book review or other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.

Website: frankoconnorbooks.com

E-mail: [email protected]

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Created in the United States of America

ISBN: Softcover 978-1-63871-156-8

eBook 978-1-63871-157-5

Republished by: PageTurner Press and Media LLC

Publication Date: 07/28/2021

______________________________________________________________

To order copies of this book, contact:

PageTurner Press and Media

Phone: [phone]

[email protected]

www.pageturner.us

Contents

CHAPTER 1

1.1. Becoming an Advanced First-Aider 1

1.2 Legal Aspects 3

1.2.1. Understanding the Legal Aspects Associated with First Aid. 3

• Good Samaritan Act 3
• Consent 3
• Confidentiality 4

1.3. Equipment 4

• What equipment do I need in order to give effective first aid? 4
• Putting a first-aid kit together 4
• First-Aid Boxes 5

CHAPTER 2

2.1 Scene Safety 6

2.1.1. Understanding Scene Safety 7

• Approaching the scene 7
• Using Your Four Senses 8

2.2. On Scene 9

2.3. Body Substance Isolation 9

• Protecting Yourself 9
• Pathogens 9
• Four-way spread of infection 10
• Prevention of Cross Infection 10

2.4. Common Infectious Diseases 11

• Understanding These Viruses 12
• Hepatitis B, C, and A 12
• HIV/AIDS 13
• Tuberculosis 14
• Tetanus (Lockjaw) 14
• Coronaviruses 15

2.5. What Should I Be Aware of on Scene? 17

2.6. Dangers in the Home 18

2.7. SBAR 18

CHAPTER 3

3.1. Anatomy and Physiology 20

3.2. Topographic Anatomy 20

3.3. The Respiratory System 21

• Lungs and blood vessels 22
• What happens when you breathe? 22
• What controls your breathing? 23

3.4. The Cardiovascular System 24

• Functions of the Cardiovascular System 24

3.5. The Heart 25

• Heart’s Electrical System 26
• Heart Disease 27

3.6. The Musculoskeletal System 29

3.6.1. Muscles 29

• Skeletal 30
• Smooth 30
• Cardiac 30

3.6.2. Bone 30

• The skull 30
• The cranium 31
• The face 31

3.6.3. Joints 32

• Bursa 32
• Tendons 32
• Ligaments 32

3.7. The Spinal column 33

• Cervical spine 33
• Thoracic spine 33
• The lumbar spine 33
• The sacrum 34
• The coccyx 34
• Intervertebral discs 34
• The spinal cord 34

3.8. The Nervous System 34

• The brain stem 35
• The cerebrum 35
• The frontal lobe 35
• Parietal lobe 36
• Occipital lobe 36
• Temporal lobe 36
• The cerebellum 36

3.9. The Digestive System 36

3.9.1. Activities of the Digestive System 37

• Ingestion 37
• Digestion 37
• Absorption 37
• Elimination 37
• Alimentary tract 37
• Accessory organs 37

3.10. The Skin 38

3.10.1. Three Layers 38

• The Epidermis 38
• The Dermis 39
• Hypodermis 39

CHAPTER 4

4.1. Assessing the Casualty 40

4.2. Primary Survey 41

• Putting it together 42

4.3. Secondary Survey 44

• SAMPLE history 45
• Physical examination 46
• DCAP-BTLS 47
• Putting DCAP-BTLS into action 49
• Providing ongoing assessment 51

4.4. Paediatric Assessment Triangle 52

• Appearance 53
• Work at breathing 54
• Circulation to skin 55

4.5. Handing over the Patient 55

4.6. The Recovery Position 56

4.7. Calling for Help 59

• Information the call taker may look for 60

CHAPTER 5

5.1 Circulation 61

5.2. Heart Attack 62

• Early recognition 63
• Treatment (Call 999/112) 63
• OPQRST 64

5.3. Angina Pectoris 65

• Treatment of angina 66
• Lifestyle changes 67

5.4. Cardiac Arrest 69

5.5. CPR/AED 70

• Dealing with a virus using alternative CPR methods. 75

5.6. Management of Cardiac Arrest in a Pregnant Patient 76

5.7. How an AED Works 77

5.8. Respiratory Arrest and Respiratory Distress 78

5.9. Barrier Devices 80

5.10. Stroke 81

• Symptoms that can be treated 83
• Signs of a stroke 83
• Assessing a patient with stroke 84
• Treatment of stroke 85

5.11. The Chain of Survival 86

CHAPTER 6

6.1. Seizures 88

• Causes of seizures 88

6.2. What causes epilepsy? 89

6.3. Treatment of Seizures and Epilepsy 89

6.4. Shock 90

• Pump Failure 90
• Vessel failure 91
• Fluid loss 91
• Spinal shock 91
• Hypoglycaemia (insulin shock) 92
• Septic shock 92

6.5. Treatment for Shock 93

6.6. Anaphylactic Shock 93

• Signs and symptoms 94

6.7. Treatment for Anaphylactic Shock 95

• Duration of an anaphylactic episode 95
• Prevention of an anaphylactic episode 96

6.8. Diabetic Emergencies 96

• (Hypoglycaemia/Hyperglycaemia) 96
• Signs and symptoms 97
• Treatment 97

CHAPTER 7

7.1. A Brief Biology of the Blood 99

7.2. Description of Wounds and Bleeding 100

• Understanding Wounds 100

7.3. Treatment of Wounds and Bleeding 102

• Injuries to the Upper and Lower Arm 103
• Wound at a Joint Crease 104

7.4. Varicose Vein Bleeds 105

7.5. Internal Bleeding 107

• Cerebral aneurysm 107
• Aortic aneurysms 108
• Peripheral aneurysms 109

7.6. Treatment for Internal Bleeding 109

7.7. Nosebleed 111

• Treatment for nosebleeds 111

7.8. Crush Injury 112

• Treatment for crush injuries 112

7.9. Eye Injuries 113

• Treatment for Eye Injuries 114

7.10. Impalement 116

7.11. Abdominal Wounds 119

7.12. Pneumothorax 121

• Closed pneumothorax 122
• Spontaneous pneumothorax 122
• Open pneumothorax 123
• Haemothorax and Hemopneumothorax 124

7.13 Childbirth 124

• High blood pressure in pregnancy What Is High Blood Pressure? 125
• What Are the Effects of High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy? 125
• What Is Preeclampsia? 125
• How Common Is High Blood Pressure and Preeclampsia in Pregnancy? 126
• How Is Preeclampsia Detected? 126
• How can women with high blood pressure prevent problems during pregnancy? 127
• Before becoming preg...

Table of contents

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