Contemporary Tourism

An international approach

Chris Cooper, C Michael Hall

• Publisher: Goodfellow Publishers
• Year: 2022
• Print ISBN: 9781915097170, 9781915097163
• eBook ISBN: 9781915097187
• Edition: 5
• Topic: Business
• Subtopic: Hospitality, Travel & Tourism Industry
• Index: Business

The study of tourism and indeed the tourism industry is changing constantly. Now in its fifth edition, Contemporary Tourism: an international approach presents a new and refreshing approach to the study of tourism, looking at the far reaching effects that the COVID pandemic has had on the industry and how it has been forced to change, or not subsequently. Considering issues such as advances in AI and its impacts, the environmental crisis and air travel, the sharing economy and Airbnb, and the tourist experience in a Covid world. In particular, it highlights the ongoing threats and opportunities faced by the tourism industry today, and discusses the related management strategies, illustrating the potential implications for the patterns and flow of tourism in the future. Divided into five sections, each chapter has a thorough learning structure including chapter objectives, examples, discussion points, self-review questions, checklists and case studies. URL links in the form of QR codes are heavily present throughout the text so that users of both hard and electronic formats can have direct links to up to date, authoritative and annotated sources of information. Cases are both thematic and destination-based and always international. New to this edition: • New material on latest issues such as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, international responses to the environmental crisis, the impact of AI/robotics on tourism human resource and the rise of the staycation; • Brand new and updated case studies and readings throughout;• Substantial support for both students and teachers, both within the text itself and via web-based student and instructor resources.ABOUT THE AUTHORS Chris Cooper is Professor in the School of Events, Tourism and Hospitality at Leeds Beckett University in the UK. Professor C Michael Hall is Professor of Marketing at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand; Docent, University of Oulu, Finland and Visiting Professor at Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Contents
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• List of Cases
• Section 1: Contemporary Tourism Systems
• Section 2: The Contemporary Tourist
• Section 3:
• The Contemporary Tourism Destination
• Section 4:
• The Contemporary Tourism Industry
• Section 5:
• Tourism Futures
• Figure 1.1: Locating the tourism experience and tourism product
• Figure 1.2: The geographical tourism system
• Figure 1.3: The tourism value chain: Simplified international value system
• Figure 1.4: The characteristics of tourism in relation to time, distance, boundaries and description of purpose of travel (after Hall, 2003)
• Figure 1.5: Understanding the nature of contemporary tourism
• Figure 2.1: The tourism product market. Source: Cooper, Scott and Kester (2005)
• Figure 2.2: From commodities to experiences. Source: CTC, 2011, Tourism Australia, 2012
• Figure 2.3: Australia’s Experience Hierarchy. Source Tourism Australia, 2012
• Figure 2.4: The Tasmanian experience concept. Source Tourism Tasmania (2002)
• Figure 2.5: A sociocognitive market system (Source: Rosa et al., 1999)
• Figure 2.6: An extended model of high-risk leisure consumption. Source: Celsi et al., 1993
• Figure 2.7: The environment of product market interactions.
• Figure 3.1: Continuum of idealized attributes of mass and alternative tourism. After Hall ,1998, 2008
• Figure 3.2: Food tourism as special interest tourism (Hall & Sharples, 2003: 11)
• Figure 3.3: The construction of mobility biographies and life courses (after Hall, 2003)
• Figure 4.1: The stage gate process model.
• Figure 4.2: The corporate social responsibility pyramid. Source Carroll, 1999
• Figure 5.1: Elements of place as locale: locating scapes
• Figure 6.1: Public-private partnerships in tourism
• Figure 6.2: Elements of multilevel governance institutions and relations affecting tourism
• Figure 6.3: Frameworks of governance. Source: After Hall 2011a.
• Figure 7.1: Interrelationships between traditional categorization of tourism’s impacts
• Figure 7.2: Change matrix of consequences of tourism. Shading indicates relative change as a consequence of the consumption and production of tourism. The darker the shading the more apparent the consequences.
• Figure 7.3: Understanding the consequences of tourism
• Figure 7.4: The relational nature of tourism impacts (After Hall & Lew 2009)
• Figure 8.1: A continuum of state interventions and their characteristics
• Figure 10.1: Partial industrialisation: possible positions of organisations directly supplying services and goods to tourists, in terms of business strategies and degrees of industrial cooperation.
• Figure 12.1: Contributing factors to the transformation of the service economy (after Lovelock & Wirtz, 2004; Hall & Coles, 2008)
• Figure 12.2: Factors that influence tourist satisfaction
• Figure 12.3: The service-profit chain (after Heskett et al., 1997).
• Figure 12.4: Employee-customer linkage model (after Wiley, 1996)
• Figure 13.1: Trends and influences affecting contemporary tourism
• Figure 13.2: Examples of forecasts by source of forecasts and purpose of information
• Figure 13.3: A typology of transitions
• Figure 13.4: Efficiency, sufficiency and sustainable tourism consumption. After Hall, 2007
• Case study 1.1: Using a tourism systems approach to understand the environmental impact of tourism: Ecological footprint analysis
• Case study 1.2: Womad Festival and Travel Regulation
• Case study 1.2: US National Household Travel Survey
• Case study 2.1: Tasmania’s Visitor Engagement strategy
• Case study 2.2: Market-shaping behaviour in adventure tourism product markets: skydiving
• Case study 3.1: 2020 The worst year in tourism history?
• Case study 3.1: Icelandic tourism and recovery from crisis
• Case study 3.2: Trains, planes and automobiles: Thanksgiving travel in the USA
• Case study 4.1: Using social media and big data as research tools
• Case Study 4.2: Accor Hotels and sustainability leadership for the sector
• Case study 5.1: The Maxwell Street Market, Chicago
• Case study 5.2: SoHo, urban redevelopment and place branding
• Case study 5.3: Local foods, terroir restaurants and sense of place
• Case study 5.4: The recovery of New Orleans tourism from Hurricane Katrina
• Case study 6.1: From Øresund to Greater Copenhagen: ‘One Destination, Two Countries’
• Case study 6.2: World Heritage and issues of multilevel governance
• Case study 7.1 Resident responses to tourism
• Case study 7.2: Economic impact of the Football World Cup
• Case study 7.3: Tourism in Italy: The Sistine Chapel and Venice
• Case Study 8.1: Making destinations more walkable for tourists
• Case study 8.2: Beijing Winter Olympic legacy and implications for sustainable tourism
• Case study 8.3 Smart cities and smart tourism: evidence from different destinations
• Case study 9.1: Marketing tourism cities in the twenty first century
• Case study 9.2: Positioning Barbados for European long haul markets
• Case study 10.1: Mapping the contemporary tourism industry onto the SIC system
• Case study 10.2: The evolution of tourism satellite accounts
• Case study 11.1 Disruptive Innovations: Airbnb and the Sharing Economy
• Case study 11.2: From Human Resources (HR) to Robot Resources (RR)?
• Case study 12.1 Getting the best online hotel booking deal in New Zealand
• Case study 12.2: Disney as a customer-centric firm
• Case study 12.3: Intercontinental Hotels Group: A strategic approach to HRM
• Case study 12.4: How might the service encounter or blueprint change as a result of COVID-19?
• Case study 13.1: Predicting and responding to change
• Case study 13.2: Human trafficking, modern slavery and the hospitality sector