Building Cloud and Virtualization Infrastructure

A Hands-on Approach to Virtualization and Implementation of a Private Cloud Using Real-time Use-cases

Mrs.Lavanya S, Dr. Venkatachalam K, Dr. Saravanakumar N M, Dr. Saravanakumar N M

• Publisher: BPB Publications
• Year: 2021
• ISBN:
  9789390684472
• Topic: Informatique
• Subtopic: Cloud Computing

Transform the way you deliver IT resources digitally to connect to people and businesses.

Key Features
? Extensive demonstration of service and deployment models with related use-cases.
? Includes wide and deep practical scenarios to explore the real cloud platform.
? Broad perspective to manage resources and disaster recovery.
? Infers various security standards and IAM with numerous examples.

Description
The book 'Building Cloud and Virtualization Infrastructure' covers the designing of a private cloud using various components and tools on various platforms such as AWS and OpenNebula.This book includes network virtualization and integrated technologies such as the Internet of Things and how to create web servers/instances on Amazon Web Services and OpenNebula.The readers will gain a better understanding of the concept of resource management, which offers benefits such as cost savings and improved manageability after reading this book. They will also learn disaster recovery, techniques, and tools to support virtualization, as well as the security challenges inherent in cloud platforms, the various IAM roles and their associated security, and various security standards.

What you will learn
? Understand the fundamentals of cloud concepts.
? Explore the knowledge of virtualization through different virtualization tools.
? Understand economic considerations to launch businesses online.
? Create your private cloud as per business needs.
? Learn to choose the right services to grow rapidly in the market.

Who this book is for
This book is intended for students, researchers, and anyone interested in learning about designing, configuring, and deploying cloud-based applications. The readers should have a basic understanding of networking concepts, but not necessarily of the cloud.

Table of Contents
1. Introduction to Cloud
2. Cloud Service Models
3. Cloud Deployment Models
4. Introduction to Hypervisor
5. Introduction to Virtualization
6. Virtualization on IT Assets
7. Experimental Part: Installation and Configuration
8. Practical Approach and Experiments
9. Resource Management in Cloud
10. Security in Cloud

CHAPTER 1

Introduction to Cloud

In the past decades, technology was serving the world with limited scalability, reliability, and performance. From the era of basic disk types like floppy disks, CDs, and USB flash drives, file sharing and storage has experienced a faster and noteworthy evolution over the decades. The electronic devices needed to share data/files are becoming much smaller, tinier, and have unimaginable capacities and performance capabilities to support an on-the-go lifestyle.

The modern era no longer requires specific devices to store all the documents online. Instead, one can access the files from any node or terminal at any time. The technology that supports anytime and anywhere is referred to as “cloud computing”. It’s a buzzword in the IT industry and serves many small-scale businesses. Some people still wonder how cloud serves remotely in computing. Many of us are curious to know about cloud computing and its working principles, components, models, and so on. This book satisfies the reader’s expectations as well.

Structure

In this chapter, we will discuss the following topics:

• Introduction to cloud computing
• Historical perspective
• Statistics of cloud
• Key drivers of cloud computing
• Definition of cloud computing
• Need for cloud computing
• Benefits of cloud computing
• Who can use cloud
• How one can access cloud
• Key characteristics of cloud computing
• Trends in cloud
• Prime uses and examples of cloud computing
• Challenges of cloud computing

Objectives

In the wake of examining this section, the readers will:

• Understand the fundamental concepts of cloud
• Discuss the drivers, characteristics, benefits and the challenges in cloud

1.1 Introduction to cloud computing

Many of our minds eagerly want to know what cloud means. Why is it called “cloud” or simply “Data in the wind”? Let’s assume that you want to travel through a taxi, bus, or train to arrive at your destination. You take a ticket and hold on to your seat till you arrive at your destination. Similarly, all other travelers have taken their tickets for a similar transport, but it does not trouble or bother you where they are going. By expressing gratitude toward the driver, you’ll get off the transport. Cloud computing is similar to the transport, it provides information to various users 24 X 7 and allowing them to use resources as services with a minimal cost. Users can request, join, use and leave the environment at anytime from anywhere.

The buzzword “cloud” was used by network engineers to locate various network gadgets through their network design and its interconnection. The structure of a network design looks like a “cloud”. It is called “cloud computing” because the cloud users are allowed to perform computations in it. Prior to this expressive computing placing its strong foundation in the IT industry, the cloud symbol was very popular to represent the internet in different forms, specifications, and documentation of different web-based architecture. Most of the services are published on the World Wide Web (www). So, cloud computing always requires “internet” as an important and mandatory source to rent its resources to the outside world.

A simple situation as recollected before two decades, individuals run projects or applications from software entities which would be downloaded from a server on the web/internet, install them in a physical PC, do calculation and store all reports in a nearby PC or a local PC. This computing gives similar support/services to help users to get those applications without downloading them into a physical machine. For example, when you might want to do a notice of Facebook account or when you check bank balance on your mobile phone, then it becomes cloud computing.

1.2 Historical perspective

When purchasing any resource for an organization, one of the toughest factors in making the decision will be whether you choose the resource from cloud (online) or on-premise (offline). With the traditional model, all the businesses cannot afford the significant expense of in-house IT foundation and backup support services.

It requires more efforts to buy a new server and managing the server is also an extra effort for a production environment. This computing attracts bigger business giants as well because of its computation, efficacy in storing data, less maintenance cost, and so on. Any users can get a new licensed software and run it on their own servers. When accepting this model, organizations should make the operating and capital expenses associated with deployment, integration, operations, customization, maintenance, support, and updates.

It is too tremendous for tiny and mid-sized organizations to continue/sustain IT business. An on-premise solution becomes a feasible option for bigger companies. Normally, big organizations have a well-structured IT framework, infrastructure, investment capital, necessary software applications to manage the environment and expertise to support their users and employees. For a smaller organization, on-premise solutions may not be suitable and hence, their next focus should be to choose a cloud environment.

Today’s IT companies require 100% service availability with negligible downtime at less cost. Cloud computing is an economical solution for people who are unable to afford expensive in-house IT infrastructure. It reduces the software and hardware demands from the businesses. Since all the IT companies are looking for scalability, efficiency, high availability, efficiency and low-cost infrastructure management, it is necessary to provide best service models to the end user. The job of the user is to run the interface software which can be as straightforward as a web browser to access information in the cloud. At some instance, every one of us has experienced cloud computing using different mail services like Yahoo, Hotmail, Gmail, and so on. When accessing any e-mail services, understand that our information is placed on a server and not on our PC. The innovation and framework are the imperceptible segments of a cloud. It is not important that the cloud services uses either XML, HTTP, PHP, or Ruby, but accessing to services are easy, user-friendly, and functional. An individual client can associate with cloud framework from his/her own gadgets like work area, workstation, or portable.

Cloud computing solutions (multitenant) like Microsoft, Amazon, Google, web-based banking, cloud-based money-related applications were constructed through the web. These mammoths offer direct access to the diverse IT solutions, typically pay-per-use. Multitenant alludes to the various clients accessing the common or a shared system. There are no capital speculations, upfront fees, or long term guarantees and it is not necessary to purchase a license or oversee underlying software, equipment, administration foundation, and networking infrastructure.

1.3 Statistics of cloud

According to the Forrester’s prediction, cloud usage, trends of cloud, and its growth globally as well is explained as follows. Figure 1.1 produces strategy of service model usage globally.

Figure 1.1: Global strategy of service model [Source from: Forrester Study]

Additionally, more than 50% of ventures will be adopting applications, platforms, and services empowered by the cloud in order to drive digital resource transformation of IT industries. Likewise, the SiliconANGLE determines that the cloud usage of enterprises is growing at a rate of 16-22%. It is the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) from 2016 to 2026. Almost 68-72% of organizations are presently utilizing open, private, or hybrid cloud platforms in their IT activities as indicated by Cisco and IDC overview. In any case, it was 48% in 2015.

Dell reports that organizations that spend much in big data, mobility, cloud, and security acknowledge up to 53% faster revenue generation than their rivals. 94% of businesses guaranteed that they saw an improvement in security in the wake of changing to the cloud. 91% of businesses in cloud makes it less difficult to meet government compliance requirements. 96% of enterprises utilize the cloud overviewed by RightScale and has an estimated real misuse of resources at 35%. 20% of big businesses plan to dramatically increase open cloud expenditure in 2018. The open cloud is considered as the top need for enterprises/ventures that developed between 29% in 2017 and 38% in 2018. The public cloud market has reached $178B in 2018 and it create business at a 22% annual growth rate.

Throughout the following year, enterprises will see a move in IT tasks spend from on-premises to public cloud. Over 30% of enterprises will spend more on tasks in public cloud than on their other server farm. Multi-cloud is the favored technique among 81% of endeavors. While 20% of cloud clients guarantee calamity recuperation in hours or less though just 9% of non-cloud clients (on-premise) do the same in hours.

In two years, the undertaking will have the option to execute half of center security activities; for example, strategy setting and observing. The future extent of the cloud drives IT towards optimizing the cloud costs which is the top initiative in 2018 across overall business using the cloud. AWS, Google, and Mic...