Notes
1.Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Letters and Papers from Prison (New York: Touchstone, 1971), 275.
2.Christopher Rowland, Radical Christianity: A Reading of Recovery (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 2004), 161.
3.âSt. Mathetes Epistle to Diognetus,â Apostolic Fathers (London: Lightfoot & Harmer, 1891).
4.Albert J. Raboteau, âAmerican Salvation: The Place of Christianity in Public Life,â Boston Review, April/May 2005.
5.Thomas Merton, âEvents and Pseudo-Events: Letter to a Southern Churchmanâ in The Failure and the Hope: Essays of Southern Churchmen, ed. Will D. Campbell and James Y. Holloway (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 1972), 91. Mertonâs essay first appeared, in slightly different form, in KatallageteâBe Reconciled, the journal of the Committee of Southern Churchmen, in 1966.
CESAR CHAVEZ
1.Peter Matthiessen, Sal Si Puedes: Cesar Chavez and the New American Revolution (New York: Random House, 1969), 6.
2.Jacques E. Levy, Cesar Chavez: Autobiography of La Causa (New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1975), 37.
3.Quoted in Matthiessen, Sal Si Puedes, 148.
4.Fred Ross, Conquering Goliath: Cesar Chavez at the Beginning (Keene, CA: El Taller Grafico Press, 1989), 143.
5.Miriam Pawel, The Crusades of Cesar Chavez: A Biography (New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2014), 7.
6.Pawel, Crusades of Cesar Chavez, 8â9.
7.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 17.
8.Richard Griswold del Castillo and Richard A. Garcia, César Chåvez: A Triumph of Spirit (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1995), 7.
9.Ronald B. Taylor, Chavez and the Farmworkers (Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1975), 61.
10.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 26.
11.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 25.
12.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 18â19.
13.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 27.
14.Frederick John Dalton, The Moral Vision of CĂ©sar Chavez (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2003), 40â41.
15.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 66.
16.Pawel, Crusades of Cesar Chavez, 16.
17.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 74.
18.Cesar Chavez, An Organizerâs Tale: Speeches, ed. Ilan Stavans (New York: Penguin, 2008), 25.
19.Pawel, Crusades of Cesar Chavez, 467.
20.Pawel, Crusades of Cesar Chavez, 93.
21.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 99.
22.Chavez, Organizerâs Tale, 17.
23.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 4.
24.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 3.
25.Castillo and Garcia, CĂ©sar ChĂĄvez, 34â35.
26.Matthiessen, Sal Si Puedes, 58, 87.
27.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 42.
28.Chavez, Organizerâs Tale, 14. Originally coauthored by Cesar, Helen, and Luis Valdez, the âPlan of Delanoâ was first published in the unionâs newspaper, El Malcriado, on March 17, 1966.
29.Miriam Pawel, The Union of Their Dreams: Power, Hope, and Struggle in Cesar Chavezâs Farm Worker Movement (New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2009), 10.
30.For instance, Mark Day reports that a Bank of America subsidiary, the California Land Company of Visalia, began absorbing smaller farms in the 1930s until they controlled 90 percent of the ranches around the San Joaquin Valley town of Delano (Mark Day, Forty Acres: Cesar Chavez and the Farm Workers [New York: Praeger, 1971], 27). Similarly, Ronald Taylor notes that other titans such as Wells Fargo, the United Fruit Company, J. G. Boswell Co., Purex, and Tenneco were key players in the industry. The Tenneco conglomerate alone held 1.4 million acres in California and Arizona, a true industry behemoth (Taylor, Chavez, 39).
31.An account of the history and development of agribusiness in California with special attention to its impact on workers can be found in Carey McWilliams, Factories in the Field: The Story of Migratory Farm Labor in California (Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 1939; repr., Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1969).
32.Taylor, Chavez, 38â39.
33.Castillo and Garcia, CĂ©sar ChĂĄvez, 28â29.
34.Pawel, Union of Their Dreams, 10.
35.Pawel, Union of Their Dreams, 15.
36.Castillo and Garcia, César Chåvez, 36.
37.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 175.
38.Castillo and Garcia, César Chåvez, 38.
39.Pawel, Crusades of Cesar Chavez, 101.
40.Pawel, Crusades of Cesar Chavez, 101.
41.Pawel, Crusades of Cesar Chavez, 105.
42.Levy, Cesar Chavez, 184.
43.Castillo and Garcia, CĂ©sar ChĂĄvez, 42â44.
44.Pawel, Crusades of Cesar Chavez, 106.
45.Mattheissen, Sal Si Puedes, 137.
46.Levy, Cesar Chavez, xxiii.
47.French philosopher and former Jesuit Michel de Certeau argued that the strong enjoy a certain geographical advantage, deploying strategies of domination based on their superior vantage point and thus on their ability to dictate the structure of the spatial dimension of relations. The weak, by contrast, he theorized, make use of more ad hoc tactics that play on time in order to resist domination. Michel de Certeau, The Practice of Everyday Life, trans. Steven Rendall (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988), 34â39.
48.El Malcriado, no. 21 (1965), 10â11.
49.El Malcriado, no. 23 (1965), 3.
50.El Malcriado, no. 23 (1965), 5.
51.Dalton, Moral Vision, 86.
52.de Certeau, Practice of Everyday...