RIGHT FROM WRONG EB

Jacob Dunne

• Publisher: HarperNorth
• Year: 2022
• Print ISBN: 9780008472146
• eBook ISBN: 9780008472122
• Topic: Law
• Subtopic: Social Science Biographies
• Index: Law

A powerful story about hope, humanity, and the possibility of change

In 2011 Jacob Dunne threw a single punch that ended another man's life. Sentenced to prison for manslaughter, he served fourteen months of a custodial sentence. On his release, he found himself homeless, unemployed and struggling to find a sense of purpose. But with the help of others, and with the encouragement of his victim's parents, he managed to get his life back on track.

Right From Wrong follows the course of Jacob's life, beginning on a council estate in Nottingham. Beset by problems at home and at school, Jacob drifted into drug-related gang culture, drinking heavily and fighting for fun before a fateful night changed the course of his life. Unflinching in its account of Jacob's guilt and shame, this book will reveal how Jacob used the experience to turn things around. He has been actively involved with Restorative Justice programmes including the Forgiveness Project, has reconciled with those he has hurt, has earned a first-class degree in Criminology and become a husband and father.

Jacob's story is in some ways unique, but it is also reflective of the experiences of young working-class men and boys across the country. By reflecting on his story, he hopes he might help people to avoid the kind of mistakes he made. In the process he points to the societal reforms needed in order to avoid an endless cycle of criminality and hopelessness.

Right From Wrong is a deeply humane and honest book, and an unflinching look at men's mental health and emotions at a time when our awareness of these things is of crucial importance.

Chapter One

The Meadows

I hadn’t thought about much of my childhood until recently. In truth I struggle to remember as much as I would like to. Part of the reason that I chose to write a book now is to try and remember more of these happy times – and to honour the rare precious memories that I am scared of forgetting for good.

The sad reality is that the story I tell publicly is predominantly focused on the tragic things I have experienced in my life and the one awful act I committed that ended someone else’s.

I now feel like one of the elders in my family. Over the last few years, my mum, her twin sister and Nan have all passed away. I have been so busy trying to right wrongs of the world that I have hardly had a moment to honour these women who raised me. Each of them was important in their own way. All of them loved me dearly and showed it.

When considering my mum’s upbringing, I don’t think I have ever appreciated what life must have been like for her being adopted. Her adopted father Deryck died of cancer when my mum was in her late teens so she only had her ‘mum’ and two ‘sisters’ left in what was already a very small family.

Because of that, my Aunty Paula spent a lot of time with us while we were growing up. She had two children of her own who are of a similar age to me and the upshot of that was that my cousins were and are more like my siblings really – sharing many of our celebrations: caterpillar cakes, water-bomb fights, punctured bike tyres and train journeys to good old Skegness. In those days summer breaks seemed to last a lifetime and the simplest of games could keep us all amused for hours. Without wishing to sound too old and wistful, that was the best time.

I also have an Aunty Julie – we saw a bit less of her because she was the bright one who had gone to university and married a solicitor, my Uncle John. They lived in West Bridgford, the posh suburb on the other side of Trent Bridge.

I lived for almost all my life in our three-bedroomed house in Nottingham’s Meadows estate on a corner plot with an unusually large garden, but I was actually born near Liverpool, on the Wirral.

At the time, my dad was working as a painter and decorator and my mum was a lifeguard at a local leisure centre. It was there that they met, with my mum eventually moving in almost without discussion – dad says he arrived home from work one day to see my mum pottering around with dinner on the go. A year or so later I was born. They soon moved from the North West, away from my dad’s family, and settled in Nottingham.

Given how young I was, I have no recollection of the place where I was born. Many years later – I was probably 12 at the time – my mum, my brother Sam, my two cousins and I went there on a day-trip pilgrimage.

We looked at the house on the Wirral, walked along the street, and then I just remember standing around on the flood defences, moaning like any good teenager might about how cold it was, while the younger kids ran around and played on the sand below.

We dashed around Liverpool city centre’s tourist sites and I remember being struck by little more than how many cathedrals there were. As was often the case with my mum’s spontaneous days out, it all ended with a frantic rush to catch the last train home back to the place where I’ve spent my entire life right up until now.

My mum came from a good, church-going background. Unlike many of the families on the Meadows estate, ours had no history of criminality stretching back through the generations. My family were what you might call respectable working class. They believed in God and education. On paper, that might seem like a blessing. But in practice it would become something of a curse.

My mum was incredibly generous and warm-hearted. She couldn’t pass a homeless person without offering to help. She also ran her own Sunday school. I went regularly and even got confirmed there. Maybe those early experiences laid the foundations for my later redemption.

Through my mum’s connection with a local church, she managed to get me a place in a primary school that was technically outside the catchment area of where we lived. The school was in an area called Wilford, which is on the opposite side of the River Trent. Here the demographic couldn’t have been more different to the toughness of The Meadows.

Wilford had a more gentile, village feel – albeit that it’s quite close to Nottingham city centre. Most people owned their own homes and many of these properties were expensive; there were some nice cars sitting on the driveways. Because of the church connection, and the fact that I’d gone to pre-school there for a few years, I was admitted to the primary school.

I only have good memories of the place. I lived for the moment and for each day. I felt completely secure in myself and in my relationships with others. I had no problem asking teachers questions in the classroom and I was keen to learn. On a wider level, all the pupils got along well and I became friendly with some of the kids from the Wilford area, including a couple whose parents were teachers at school – I still know them today.

In the holidays I’d be allowed to go on bike rides over to where these friends lived. I think my mum felt that being in the Wilford area, with these kinds of friends, was good for me. And it probably was. It felt like there was no spotlight shining on me and, equally significantly, I never felt the need to question myself, even though we certainly still got up to mischief: pinching sweets from shops and robbing car dust caps for our bikes.

If going to school and interacting with kids outside of The Meadows caused any issues when I went back home, I wasn’t aware of it then. I don’t recall ever feeling resentful or jealous of these friends for anything they had that I didn’t.

I suppose that even though we lived in The Meadows we were probably relatively well off compared to some of our neighbours. Mum ran a child-minding business from home. She also had a mortgage, which was relatively unusual in our neighbourhood.

So while you could never say that we were well off per se, we were by no means the worst. The margins we’re talking about were small ones, though. It wasn’t a flash existence. Perhaps my brother and I had one extra pair of trainers or a couple of extra tracksuits relative to the average kids. While we did go on an occasional holiday as a family, I later found out that my mum had taken out seven credit cards to fund such things.

I can’t fault my mum in any way though. While she probably wasn’t great at managing money and lived beyond her means most of the time, she did it all with the aim of giving Sam and I as happy and full a childhood as she possibly could.

No amount of credit-card-funded living could hide the fact that we were still a run-of-the-mill single-parent family living on a deprived council estate, however. And when I transitioned to secondary school, I really started to feel the burden of this family dynamic.

On reflection, the most significant tipping point in my entire life came at this transition point between primary and secondary school. As I approached the age of 12 or 13, my dad’s absence started to feel like a dense cloud hanging over me.

My parents had divorced when I was just seven, and my dad moved back to his local area of Partington, near Manchester. I didn’t see him again until my tenth birthday – and then again when I was fourteen on our way to watch an England game at Old Trafford. It wasn’t until I turned sixteen that I would go up to see him more sporadically. In his words, ‘You didn’t want to be here; you were polite but very quiet and withdrawn. But after that first visit you did start to come up a bit more often.’ Anyway, I don’t really remember much about him from my early life. One of the few things I do remember is playing football with him and being taken to a Nottingham Forest game for one of my birthday parties. Besides that, there were trips to the seaside, American Adventure and football training.

I also know his relationship with my mum was volatile at times. There was alcohol involved – on both sides. They clearly were not happy together.

After he left, much as he tried to maintain a relationship with my brother and me – initially through supervised visits at contact centres. I remember these being quite traumatic days with my mum, who would bail out of visits a the last minute. The reality was that cards and money at birthdays and Christmas was all there was in terms of contact from my dad.

For a few years, I suppose this was enough. A young boy has little awareness of much beyond basic realities and I suppose I was getting what I needed from my primary school life and summer camps anyway.

However, when I began that shift into youth from childhood, I started becoming aware of some of the things I didn’t have. These weren’t tangible things. As much as I would have liked simply to be with my dad – to go to a football match or for him to watch me taking part in school activities – it was the subtle, emotional input that I was missing, that only a male role model could offer. I wasn’t the only one. Many of my friends at that time didn’t have a dad in their lives either.

What was also unique and perhaps significant is the specific school culture I went into in year seven. This particular school had been essentially mothballed a few years earlier under a different name. It had had all kinds of historical disciplinary problems; the building itself had fallen into disrepair and needed a major overhaul.

By the time I reached secondary school age, it had only recently been reopened and with very limited pupil numbers, and as an odd consequence of that there was only one older year group above me.

At the time, my mum genuinely thought that a school with fewer pupils would be good for me. I’ve never really thought about how that all played out until recently, but with hindsight now I think it made for a situation whereby we never had those much older kids to look up to from year seven onwards. Equally, there was nobody older to keep us in line at a time when we were most likely to be testing boundaries.

I’ll never know whether the more general feelings of confusion about my emotional needs arrived as a coincidence of my moving to the Emmanuel Secondary School or because of it. Either way, it didn’t matter. From the age of 12, having been flung into a new and intimidating teenage world with only a few of the kids I’d been around previously, my outlook changed completely.

Almost overnight, I started feeling a lot less confident in myself, and more anxious about how others viewed me. I felt the harsh glow of the peer-group spotlight at school and in parallel I’d go home and put myself under a microscope of my own, worrying about all the changes that teenage life can bring.

Of course, I had no answers. I certainly had no idea who I really was or where I fitted in. Not many teenagers are equipped to solve these kinds of life issues. Instead, we just react on impulse to how we feel, and have little control over it.

Inside, I was unsure of myself, my place in life – even what kinds of people I should be being friendly with. It was constant inner turmoil, but you’d never have known to look at me because my façade was telling the world that I was this carefree, confident and happy lad.

Sadly, living behind a façade can only carry someone – far less a confused teenager – so far. The truth is that it’s totally counterproductive. The problems just manifest. And without a single older male role model to share my worries with, look up to or feel guilty about letting down, it was perhaps unavoidable that my life, much as with many other kids like me, went in the direction it did.

Within the school, there was probably a fifty-fifty split of kids from decent backgrounds outside The Meadows and those from troubled families within it. It was at this point that I felt that I needed to identify with somebody or something – and I chose to seek approval from the latter group.

Looking back, there was an obvious reason why I chose this demographic, and it essentially came down to geographical convenience in the sense that, rather than having to get on a bus after school to go home to a different area, and a better life, I just had to walk home with the kids from the neighbourhood where I lived. It made total sense that these troubled kids became my peer group. But it was a decision that would alter the course of my life.

And the changes came fast. Having been a good learner at primary school, I started playing up in class to impress these new friends – and bear in mind that these were kids who were probably kicking off in class at primary school, throwing tables and chairs at each other as a matter of course. This was behaviour that was unheard of where I went to primary school.

Before long, their attitudes were rubbing off on me and sticking. I went from having a good relationship with teachers and a respect for authority, to being seen as a bit of a disruptive troublemaker. Pretty soon my stock responses to teachers’ questions became, ‘I don’t know’, ‘I’m not bothered.’

I liked how this new role made me feel (I was certainly getting affirmation from my peers which temporarily boosted my flagging self-esteem), but my relationship with my mum soon became more toxic around this transition point – simply because she was simultaneously trying to do the job of both parents. I remember feeling so scared the first time the school told me they were going to ring my mum about my behaviour.

And from there it was a fast downward spiral. The worse I felt and the more my schoolwork suffered as a result, the more she tried to rein me in and the harder I rebelled against her.

Ironically, while I was increasingly AWOL during those first two years at secondary school, my poor, frantic mum was never out of the school office.

Phone calls from the school about my behaviour were a daily event. I feel so guilty about this now that my mum is no longer here. At the time, she still saw me as the good learner I’d been at primary school and she was desperate to reinforce the belief that I couldn’t have just become a bad kid overnight. As she pushed and pushed for reasons why I was suddenly so hard to manage at school, it got to the point where the only option was to have me psychologically assessed. I guess the school had run out of ideas as to how to control me.

I should say – and this seems so strange in retrospect – that neither my mum nor I ever sat in on these consultations that talked about me, how to support me or to manage my behaviour. At no point was I involved in the decisions about any potential solutions. In the end, they arrived at the conclusion that I had a combination of ADHD, dyslexia and a condition that put me somewhere on the autism spectrum. Thereafter, I was given no support in terms of helping me understand the implications of these diagnoses.

What all this meant for us was that my mum was able to claim some disability allowance on my behalf. That was a positive, I suppose. But for me these diagnoses were the worst thing that could have happened at that time. Instead of clarifying anything in my mind, they made me give up. Instead of being something to ov...

Table of contents

• Title Page
• Copyright
• Note to Readers
• Dedication
• Contents
• Prologue
• 1. The Meadows
• 2. Gang Land
• 3. The Punch
• 4. Trial and Punishment
• 5. Glen Parva
• 6. Rehabilitation
• 7. Meeting Joan and David
• 8. Reaching Out
• 9. The Compass of Shame
• 10. Learning the Right Lessons
• 11. Giving Something Back
• 12. Forward Thinking
• Appendix
• Postscript: The Change I Wish to See
• Acknowledgements
• Book Credits
• Back Ad
• About the Publisher