Applied Machine Learning and Multi-criteria Decision-making in Healthcare

Ilker Ozsahin, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin, Ilker Ozsahin, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin

• Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
• Year: 2006
• Print ISBN: 9781681088730
• eBook ISBN: 9781681088716
• Topic: Computer Science
• Subtopic: Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Semantics
• Index: Computer Science

This book provides an ideal foundation for readers to understand the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques to expert systems in the healthcare sector. It starts with an introduction to the topic and presents chapters which progressively explain decision-making theory that helps solve problems which have multiple criteria that can affect the outcome of a decision. Key aspects of the subject such as machine learning in healthcare, prediction techniques, mathematical models and classification of healthcare problems are included along with chapters which delve in to advanced topics on data science (deep-learning, artificial neural networks, etc.) and practical examples (influenza epidemiology and retinoblastoma treatment analysis). Key Features: - Introduces readers to the basics of AI and ML in expert systems for healthcare - Focuses on a problem solving approach to the topic - Provides information on relevant decision-making theory and data science used in the healthcare industry - Includes practical applications of AI and ML for advanced readers - Includes bibliographic references for further reading The reference is an accessible source of knowledge on multi-criteria decision-support systems in healthcare for medical consultants, healthcare policy makers, researchers in the field of medical biotechnology, oncology and pharmaceutical research and development.

Selection of Hemorrhoid Treatment Techniques using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Technique

Abdulaziz Tabbakha^{1, *}, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin^{1, 2, 3}, Berna Uzun^{2, 4}, Ilker Ozsahin^{1, 2, 5}

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia / TRNC, Mersin 10 ,Turkey

² DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia / TRNC Mersin 10, Turkey

³ Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirate

⁴ Department of Mathematics, Near East University, Nicosia / TRNC Mersin 10,Turkey

⁵ Department of Radiology, Brain Health Imaging Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine,New York,New York, USA

Abstract

Hemorrhoids (Piles) are widespread diseases, and they appear in the form of itching, bleeding, and discomfort in the anal area, which are swelling of the veins of the anus and lower part of the rectum. Hemorrhoids may be internal to the rectum or external as they occur under the skin around the anus. It occurs due to increased pressure inside the abdominal cavity and pelvis due to constipation or pressure on veins during pregnancy. Many effective treatment options are available, and most sufferers can relieve symptoms by using home remedies, lifestyle changes after excluding other causes of anal bleeding. Most people over 30 years old have suffered from piles or some symptoms. Many patients do not like to explain that they have an infection in the anus or rectum region. As a result, such patients do internet searches for medications and remedies for this type of condition, which produces a plethora of misleading and superfluous material, as well as wrong information. Also, doctors sometimes cannot decide how to operate when dealing with hemorrhoid removal. For these reasons, we conducted this study to give information about all of the available treatment techniques and compare them using the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) or multi-criteria decision analysis method fuzzy TOPSIS analysis technique. The treatment techniques discussed in this study are seven nonsurgical techniques (Fiber-diet with water, the enema, ice usage, creams, IR coagulation, rubber band ligation, and sclerotherapy) and three surgical techniques namely stapled hemorrhoidectomy, laser hemorrhoid surgery, open or closed hemorrhoidectomy. Also, the parameters used are (total cost, efficiency, recovery period, survival rate, practicality, comfortability, hospitalization time, and procedure time, all gathered from previously recorded information of hospitals, doctors, or patients. This information for each technique is analyzed, ranked, and compared using the previously mentioned TOPSIS MCDM technique.

Keywords: Anal Canal, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Hemorrhoids, Hemorrhoidectomy, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making.

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^* Corresponding author Abdulaziz Tabbakha: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia/TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey; Tel: [phone];
E-mail: [email protected]

INTRODUCTION

Hemorrhoids are inflamed and swollen veins in the anal area and lower part of the rectum and are caused by a great pressure in this region, which leads to the expansion and bloating of the blood vessels. Although many believe that hot peppers and dazzling foods are responsible for hemorrhoids, there is no scientific evidence for this [1]. There are two types of internal hemorrhoids, and they are inside the lower area of ​​the rectum. Usually, the person does not see or feel them. However, during the process of defecation, pressure and tension may scratch and injure the swollen veins, causing blood and haemorrhoids to exit and drop out of the anus, causing pain. External hemorrhoids are found under the skin surrounding the anus, and when scratched, they may get injured and bleed [2]. When the veins in the lower rectum and anus face pressure, they expand and may swell. Therefore, hemorrhoids occur when the pressure on the veins in the lower part of the rectum rises. Hemorrhoids can last for varying lengths of time; in some people, they resolve on their own after a few days, while in others, they worsen. Whether a person can cope with hemorrhoids depends on the patient, as mild hemorrhoids may go away without any treatment within a few days. On the other hand, large external hemorrhoids may take longer to heal and cause pain [3].

There are various distinct varieties of hemorrhoids, each with its own set of characteristics, and the following list highlights several of them:

Internal hemorrhoids: This type of hemorrhoid appears in the segment of the rectum, as it is often invisible and difficult to notice. It is also noted in most cases of internal hemorrhoids th...

Table of contents

• Welcome
• Table of Content
• Title
• BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LTD.
• PREFACE
• List of Contributors
• Introduction
• Machine Learning in Health Care
• Prediction Problems in Healthcare Applications
• Classification Problems in Healthcare Applications
• Logistic Regression as a Classifier in Health Research
• Deep Learning in Healthcare Applications
• Comparison of Forecasting Models in the HIV Epidemiology Using Machine Learning Methods
• Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence Applications in Dentomaxillofacial Radiology
• Artificial Neural Networks Approach in Determining Factors of Death Caused by Coronavirus in the World with Unbalanced Panel Data Models
• Dynamics of Two Strain Influenza Model with Vaccine
• Epidemic Influenza Model with Time Delay
• Mathematical Modeling in Reproduction and Infertility
• Analysis of Retinoblastoma Treatment Techniques with Fuzzy PROMETHEE
• Selection of Hemorrhoid Treatment Techniques using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Technique
• Mutation Resistant Target Prediction Algorithm in PCR Based Diagnostic Applications
• Intelligent Learning Systems for the Environmental Factors that Affect the Distribution of Some Leishmaniasis Vectors