- 136 pages
- English
- PDF
- Available on iOS & Android
About this book
Chlorine is one of the most important basic chemicals, which is used directly or indirectly in the production of around 60 % of all chemical products. The production is almost exclusively based on energy intensive electrolysis processes, with an average of 2.5 - 3.5 MWh of electrical energy required per ton of chlorine generated. This means that chlorine production alone accounts for around 3 % of the electrical energy used worldwide in industry. By using oxygen depolarized cathodes (ODC), it is possible to reduce the demand for electrical energy on an industrial scale by about 25 %. Instead of hydrogen evolution, oxygen reduction takes place. Due to the low solubility of oxygen, the electrode is designed as a gas-diffusion electrodes (GDE). These are porous silver-based electrodes with hydrophobic regions due to the use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). During operation, the liquid electrolyte penetrates the pore structure, but the PTFE prevents complete flooding of the electrode. Oxygen is supplied via a gas compartment and enters the internal structure of the electrode. A three-phase interface is formed, consisting of liquid electrolyte, gas and catalytically active solid, at which the electrochemical reaction takes place. Although the technology is already successfully used industrially, many processes, especially the electrolyte distribution, inside the GDE remain unknown.In this dissertation, the influence of PTFE is first systematically investigated. Subsequently the process is described in a pseudo-2D model supported by operando experiments. Finally, the exact penetration depth of the electrolyte is analyzed using specially designed electrodes.
Frequently asked questions
- Essential is ideal for learners and professionals who enjoy exploring a wide range of subjects. Access the Essential Library with 800,000+ trusted titles and best-sellers across business, personal growth, and the humanities. Includes unlimited reading time and Standard Read Aloud voice.
- Complete: Perfect for advanced learners and researchers needing full, unrestricted access. Unlock 1.4M+ books across hundreds of subjects, including academic and specialized titles. The Complete Plan also includes advanced features like Premium Read Aloud and Research Assistant.
Please note we cannot support devices running on iOS 13 and Android 7 or earlier. Learn more about using the app.
Information
Table of contents
- Abstract
- Kurzfassung
- Acknowledgements
- Content
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Overview of the publications
- 3 Influence of binder content in silver-based gasdiffusion electrodes on pore system andelectrochemical performance
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Experimental
- 3.3 Results and discussion
- 3.4 Conclusion
- 3.5 Conflict of Interest
- 3.6 Acknowledgments
- 3.7 References
- 4 Spatially resolved model of oxygen reductionreaction in silver-based porous gas-diffusionelectrodes based on operando measurements
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Experimental
- 4.3 GDE model
- 4.4 Results and discussion
- 4.5 Conclusion
- 4.6 Acknowledgements
- 4.7 Appendix
- 4.8 References
- 5 Experimental and model-based analysis ofelectrolyte intrusion depth in silver-based gasdiffusionelectrodes
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Results and Discussion
- 5.3 ORR activity of graded electrodes
- 5.4 Conclusion
- 5.5 Experimental Section
- 5.6 Acknowledgements
- 5.7 References
- 6 Concluding discussion
- Appendix
- References