The Shaping of Somali Society

Reconstructing the History of a Pastoral People, 16-19

Lee V. Cassanelli

• Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press Anniversary Collection
• Year: 2016
• Print ISBN: 9780812278323, 9780812278323
• eBook ISBN: 9781512806663
• Topic: Social Sciences
• Subtopic: African History
• Index: Social Sciences

While recurrent drought, war with neighboring Ethiopia, and a staggering refugee crisis have recently propelled the African nation of Somalia into world headlines, remarkably little is known about the history of this East African country. For the first time, Lee Cassanelli makes available a book-length study of Somalia's precolonial heritage.A nation of nomads, the Somalis have through long experience adapted to a harsh, semidesert environment. While persistently divided by clan, sectarian, and regional loyalties in the past, they have nevertheless come to acquire a compelling sense of their cultural unity and national identity. The Shaping of Somali Society examines the historical experiences of these people while focusing on recurrent themes: a deeply rooted kinship system based on lineages that feud as frequently as they cooperate; the gradual Islamization of the entire society through the work of itinerant Sufi saints; the rise and fall of regional sultanates and long-distance trade networks; and a history of resistance to foreign invaders.To reconstruct the past of this important African society, the author draws on ethnographic and linguistic evidence, travelers' accounts, a substantial body of Somali oral traditions, and recollections gathered during several visits to the country. Using this material and the techniques of traditional historiography, Cassanelli examines the precolonial interplay of environmental, social, economic, and religious forces that produced a society that, though politically fragmented, has been integrated at a number of levels of structure, belief, and behavior. Perhaps more importantly, the author discusses the problems of interpreting the often fragmentary historical data and presents a new framework for studying regional patterns of change in a pastoral setting.

Table of contents

• Contents
• Preface
• Note on Transcription
• Note on the Use of Geographical and Clan Names
• Introduction
• 1. The Societal and Historiographical Background
• 2. Toward a Regional Approach to Somali Pastoral History
• 3. Pastoral Power: The Ajuraan in History and Tradition
• 4. Saints, Sultans, and Sectarians: Islamic Themes in Southern Somali History, ca. 1600-1850
• 5. Southern Somali Commerce and Economy in the Nineteenth Century
• 6. Local History and Regional Resistance: The Somali Response to Colonial Occupation in the Benaadir Region, 1870-1910
• Afterword
• Appendix A: Comments on the Collection and Use of Somali Oral Sources
• Appendix B: Glossary of Somali and Arabic Words
• Bibliography
• Index