Fast Facts: Leukemia

J. Loke, A.J. Kansagra

• Publisher: S. Karger
• Year: 2022
• ISBN:
  9783318069495
• Edition: 2
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Hematology

Leukemia is a hematologic malignancy arising from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow. Starting with a detailed description of hematopoiesis and what goes wrong in leukemia, this concise guide covers all aspects of the four most common subtypes of the disease. Although the incidence and prevalence of leukemia are rising worldwide, survival rates are also increasing. However, both the effects of the disease and the adverse effects of treatment remain complex challenges. Yet, as our understanding of the molecular landscape increases, therapeutic options are becoming more personalized. This revised and updated second edition of 'Fast Facts: Leukemia' addresses the causes and risk factors for each subtype of leukemia, the initial and confirmatory diagnostic tests, and the latest treatment options. Designed as a comprehensive primer for physician assistants, nurse practitioners, primary care providers, oncology nurses, hematology/ oncology trainees and pharmacists, this resource will help the non-specialist and those in training to identify leukemia early and provide a thorough understanding of the pathology and genetic basis of the disease, treatment options, and effective approaches to emergency and supportive care. Table of Contents: • Understanding blood and its components • What is leukemia? • Epidemiology, etiology and risk factors • Diagnosis • Staging and general management • Supportive care • Emergencies in leukemia

Index

abbreviations list 5–6

accelerated phase of CML 87

activated partial thromboplastin time 78, 121

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

age-stratified treatments 81–5

asparaginase-related thromboses emergency 125

bone marrow aspiration/biopsy 58, 59

classification criteria 32, 34, 35

cytogenetic testing 67–9

diagnosis 50, 51–2, 54, 56, 59, 67–9

Down syndrome 43

epidemiology 39, 40

leukemogenesis mechanism 25, 27

acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

Auer rods 54, 56, 58, 59

bone marrow aspiration/biopsy 57–8

CEBPA gene 17, 18

class I/II mutations 66

classification 29–32

clonal evolution/heterogeneity 28–9

cytogenetic testing 64–7

diagnosis 50–51, 54, 56, 57–8, 59, 62, 64–7

Down syndrome 43

epidemiology 39–40

induction therapy 75–6

inherited predisposition to 44

leukemogenesis mechanism 25, 27

post-remission therapy 76–8

SRSF2 gene/mutations 25

t(8;21) chromosomal translocation 24

WHO 2016 criteria 31–2

see also acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML)

acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) 51, 64, 119–21

acute renal failure 121

adolescents, ALL treatments 84–5

adults, ALL treatments 81–2

age factor

ALL stratification of treatments 81–4

elderly/unfit patient treatments 78–9

incidence of disease 39, 40, 41, 42

ALL see acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) 75, 120, 124, 125

allogeneic henatopoietic stem cell therapy 76, 77

allopurinol 122, 123

AML see acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

AML1 (RUNX1) gene 17, 24

antibiotics 101–2, 103, 118–19

antifungal agents 101–2, 103

antithrombin 125

antiviral treatments 102, 103

apoptosis 7, 27

Ara-C (cytarabine/cytosin...