Design of Hydrodynamic Machines

Pumps and Hydro-Turbines

Getu Hailu, Michal Varchola, Peter Hlbocan

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2022
• Print ISBN:
  9781032229294
  9780367439613
• Edition: 1
• eBook ISBN:
  9781000563191
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Thermodynamics
• Index: Technology & Engineering

Design of Hydrodynamic Machines provides a broad, yet concise, theoretical background on the relationship between fluid dynamics and geometry. It covers the most important types of turbomachinery used in power generation industrial processes, utilities, and the oil and gas industry.

Offering guidance on the hydraulic design aspect of different parts of turbomachinery, such as impellers, diffusers, volute casing, inlet and outlets, the book discusses how to conduct performance characteristics testing and evaluate performance parameters of the designed parts. It also covers aspects of CFD of turbomachinery. Readers will be able to perform hydraulic design of important turbomachinery parts using commercially available software.

Intended for final year undergraduates and postgraduates in mechanical, civil, and aeronautical engineering, the book will also be useful for those involved in the hydraulic design, analysis, and testing of turbomachinery.

1Introduction

DOI: 10.1201/9781003007142-1

1.1 Fundamental Principles

Turbomachines are among the most widely used devices in the world. Pumps, compressors, turbines, and fans are all collectively known as turbomachines. In turbomachinery, energy transfer occurs between a continuously flowing fluid (liquid, steam, gas) and a rotor by the dynamic action of moving blade rows. The word turbo or turbinis is a Latin word meaning “that which spins or whirls around.” Turbomachines can generally be classified into two categories. Turbomachines that transfer energy from a continuously flowing fluid to a blade rotor are known as turbines. Those devices transferring energy from a rotor to a continuously flowing fluid are known as compressors (air), pumps (for liquids), or fans (air). Compressors result in a high-pressure rise compared to fans. These devices use shaft power to increase fluid pressure or head. Some authors define open turbomachines that include wind turbines, propellers, and fans without shroud. Whereas pumps, compressors, and fans increase the pressure of the fluid, turbines produce power by rotating the rotor of a generator.

In designing turbomachines, fundamental laws of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy are applied. Several turbomachinery design methodologies have been developed, ranging from simple one-dimensional (1D) analysis to 3D flow analysis. 1D methods that introduce simplifying hypotheses, 2D methods that are based on potential flow theory, and more rigorous 3D design methodologies utilizing numerical methods of solving governing fluid flow equations have all been used to design turbomachines. Modern comput...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half-Title Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Nomenclature
• Greek Symbols
• Authors’ Biographies
• Preface
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Scaling Laws and Dimension Analysis
• 3 Centrifugal and Mixed-Flow Pumps
• 4 Axial Flow Pumps
• 5 Hydro-Turbines
• 6 Small Hydropower Plants
• 7 Cavitation
• 8 Testing Hydraulic Machines
• 9 CFD Analysis in Turbomachinery
• Index