The Coronavirus Pandemic and the Future

Virology, Epidemiology, Translational Toxicology and Therapeutics, Volume 1

Michael D Waters, Alok Dhawan, Tim Marrs, Diana Anderson, Stafford Warren, Claude L Hughes, Michael D Waters, Alok Dhawan, Tim Marrs, Diana Anderson, Stafford Warren, Claude L Hughes

• Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
• Year: 2022
• ISBN:
  9781839163654
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Medizin
• Subtopic: Infektiologie

This first volume chronicles the early stages of the outbreak and world-wide spread of SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) and delineates the role of several disciplines in therapeutic and control measures. Documenting theepidemiologic response from China, the clinicalevaluation, pathology and intial therapeutics that were availableduring the first 6 months and onwards of the outbreak, this bookrecords how the response to the pandemic was mounted and how various branches of science and research combined to rapidly expand our understanding of the disease.

Contents

Volume 1 The Coronavirus Pandemic and the Future: Virology, Epidemiology, Translational Toxicology and Therapeutics

Chapter 1 What We Know About the Life-threatening Novel Human Coronavirus 1

Claude Hughes, Arul Narayanaswamy, Balachandar Vellingiri, Dhivya Venkatesan, Stafford Warren and Michael Waters

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The Chronology of the Outbreak

1.3 Initial Transmission

1.3.1 Worldwide Spread of the Virus

1.4 SARS-CoV-2 and Its Etiology

1.5 Classification and Grouping

1.5.1 Alpha-CoVs

1.5.2 Beta-CoVs

1.5.3 Gamma-CoVs

1.5.4 Delta-CoVs

1.6 Epidemiological History of Human Coronaviruses

1.6.1 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

1.6.2 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

1.6.3 Detailed Documentation of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 17

1.7 Introductory Virology and Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2

1.7.1 Viral Genome

1.7.2 Interaction of the Spike and Receptor for Entry

1.7.3 Genomic Differences

1.7.4 Pathophysiology

1.8 Executive Summary and Conclusions

List of Abbreviations

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): Structure, Lifecycle, and Replication Machinery

Arghadip Samaddar and Vijaya Lakshmi Nag

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Classification of Coronaviruses

2.3 Genomic Structure of SARS-CoV-2

2.4 Life Cycle of SARS-CoV-2

2.4.1 Attachment and Entry

2.4.2 Replicase Protein Expression

2.4.3 Replication and Transcription

2.4.4 Assembly and Release

2.5 SARS-CoV-2 RNA Replication Machinery

References

Chapter 3 Accumulated Epidemiological Lessons and China's COVID-19 Response

Chao Xie and Liangmin Gao

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Accumulated Lessons from China's Response to SARS in 2003

3.3 Epidemiologicial Perspective on China's COVID-19 Response

3.4 China's Control and Prevention Measures in COVID-19

3.4.1 Mask-wearing and its Comforting Effect

3.4.2 Epidemiological Source-tracking and Slow-down of Community Transmission

3.5 Comparing China's Response Against SARS and COVID-19

3.6 Concluding Remarks

3.7 Executive Summary

References

Chapter 4 Clinical Presentation, Pathophysiology and Histopathology

Claude Hughes, Iyer Mahalaxmi, Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar, Suresh Selvapuram Sudalaimuthu Raja, Raviminickam Thangarasu, Stafford Warren and Michael Waters

4.1 Introduction

4.2 The Distinct Clinical Trajectory and Disease Spectrum of COVID-19

4.3 A Novel Application of Smartphone Technology

4.4 COVID-19 and Comorbidities in Severe Cases

4.5 ARDS and its Sequelae in COVID-19

4.5.1 ARDS in COVID-19

4.5.2 Sepsis

4.5.3 Septic Shock

4.6 Pathophysiology

4.6.1 Mechanism of SARS-Cov-2 Invasion into Host Cells

4.7 Histopathology and Disease Manifestations: Introduction

4.7.1 Histopathology

4.7.2 Pulm...