The Coronavirus Pandemic and the Future

Virology, Epidemiology, Translational Toxicology and Therapeutics, Volume 2

Michael D Waters, Alok Dhawan, Tim Marrs, Diana Anderson, Stafford Warren, Claude L Hughes, Michael D Waters, Alok Dhawan, Tim Marrs, Diana Anderson, Stafford Warren, Claude L Hughes

• Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
• Year: 2022
• ISBN:
  9781839166846
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Médecine
• Subtopic: Maladies infectieuses

This second volume chronicles the later stages of the outbreak of SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) and delineates the role of several disciplines in therapeutic and control measures highliting the response from specific coutries of note and efforts to repurpose and produce new therapeutics and vaccines. By addressing considerations of efficacy and safety of drugs and chemicals used to combat COVID-19, virtually in real-time, this book documents and highlights the advances in science and place the toxicology, pharmaceutical science, public health and medical community in a better position to advise in future epidemics.

Contents

Volume 1 The Coronavirus Pandemic and the Future: Virology, Epidemiology, Translational Toxicology and Therapeutics

Chapter 1 What We Know About the Life-threatening Novel Human Coronavirus 1

Claude Hughes, Arul Narayanaswamy, Balachandar Vellingiri, Dhivya Venkatesan, Stafford Warren and Michael Waters

1.1Introduction

1.2The Chronology of the Outbreak

1.3Initial Transmission

1.3.1Worldwide Spread of the Virus

1.4SARS-CoV-2 and Its Etiology

1.5Classification and Grouping

1.5.1Alpha-CoVs

1.5.2Beta-CoVs

1.5.3Gamma-CoVs

1.5.4Delta-CoVs

1.6Epidemiological History of Human Coronaviruses

1.6.1Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

1.6.2Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

1.7Introductory Virology and Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2

1.7.1Viral Genome

1.7.2Interaction of the Spike and Receptor for Entry

1.7.3Genomic Differences

1.7.4Pathophysiology

1.8Executive Summary and Conclusions

List of Abbreviations

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 2Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): Structure, Lifecycle, and Replication Machinery

Arghadip Samaddar and Vijaya Lakshmi Nag

2.1Introduction

2.2Classification of Coronaviruses

2.3Genomic Structure of SARS-CoV-2

2.4Life Cycle of SARS-CoV-2

2.4.1Attachment and Entry

2.4.2Replicase Protein Expression

2.4.3Replication and Transcription

2.4.4Assembly and Release

2.5SARS-CoV-2 RNA Replication Machinery

References

Chapter 3Accumulated Epidemiological Lessons and China's COVID-19 Response

Chao Xie and Liangmin Gao

3.1Introduction

3.2Accumulated Lessons from China's Response to SARS in 2003

3.3Epidemiologicial Perspective on China's COVID-19 Response

3.4China's Control and Prevention Measures in COVID-19

3.4.1Mask-wearing and its Comforting Effect

3.4.2Epidemiological Source-tracking and Slow-down of Community Transmission

3.5Comparing China's Response Against SARS and COVID-19

3.6Concluding Remarks

3.7Executive Summary

References

Chapter 4Clinical Presentation, Pathophysiology and Histopathology

Claude Hughes, Iyer Mahalaxmi, Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar, Suresh Selvapuram Sudalaimuthu Raja, Raviminickam Thangarasu, Stafford Warren and Michael Waters

4.1Introduction

4.2The Distinct Clinical Trajectory and Disease Spectrum of COVID-19

4.3A Novel Application of Smartphone Technology

4.4COVID-19 and Comorbidities in Severe Cases

4.5ARDS and its Sequelae in COVID-19

4.5.1ARDS in COVID-19

4.5.2Sepsis

4.5.3Septic Shock

4.6Pathophysiology

4.6.1Mechanism of SARS-Cov-2 Invasion into Host Cells

4.7Histopathology and Disease Manifestations: Introduction

4.7.1Histopathology

4.7.2Pulmonary Manifestations

4.7.3Cardiovascular Manifestations

4.7.4Gastrointestinal Manifestations

4.7.5Renal Manifestations

4.7.6Neurological Manifestations

4.7.7Musculocutaneous Manifestations

4.7.8Hematological Manifestations

4.8Executive Summary

Acknowledgemen...