Acid-base homeostasis is essential for human health and a variety of physiological conditions. Pathophysiological changes can result in acid-base derangements, which can be accompanied by acute and long-term metabolic disorders. Moreover, even a narrow change of blood pH still within the physiological change, e.g., a diet-induced shift towards a more acidic status, has been reported to already cause adverse health consequences. Against this background, we aimed to, by using non-invasive urinary biomarkers, examine acid-base-related physiological and epidemiological relationships of body fatness with 24-h urine pH, the potential mediatory roles of inflammatory biomarkers in the high body fat–low urine pH relation, and the association between 24-h urinary glucocorticoid excretion and renal citrate output, as well as the prospective relationships of protein intake and dietary acid load during childhood and adolescence with adult height. All study participants were selected and data came from the DOrtmund Nutritional and Antropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study, which includes regular examinations on dietary intake, metabolism, and growth in healthy children and adolescents until their adulthood without particular pre-specified endpoints.
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Print ISBN
9783736976184
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1Table of contents
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
- SUMMARY
- ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
- LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- LIST OF TABLES
- LIST OF FIGURES
- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
- 1 INTRODUCTION
- 2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDS
- 2.1 Acid-base balance
- 2.2 Modulation of acid-base function
- 2.3 Higher protein intake and dietary alkalinity as anabolic stimuli
- 3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- 4 GENERAL METHODOLOGIES
- 4.1 Study population and the DONALD Study
- 4.2 Anthropometric measurement
- 4.3 Pubertal stage assessment
- 4.4 Dietary assessment
- 4.5 Urinary measurement
- 4.6 Blood measurement
- 4.7 Statistical analysis
- 5 STUDIES
- 5.1 Study Ⅰ — On the existence of the adipo-renal axis: increased body fatness adverselyrelates to 24-h urine pH already from childhood onward
- 5.2 Study Ⅱ — Inflammatory mediators in the adipo-renal axis: leptin, adiponectin, andsoluble ICAM-1
- 5.3 Study Ⅲ — Glucocorticoids within the physiological range inversely associate withrenal citrate excretion in prepubertal children
- 5.4 Study Ⅳ — Adult stature and protein intake during childhood and adolescence from 3years onward
- 6 GENERAL DISCUSSIONS
- 6.1 Methodological considerations
- 6.2 Interpretation and implication of results
- 6.3 Conclusion and perspectives
- 7 REFERENCES