Women Artists in Expressionism

From Empire to Emancipation

Shulamith Behr

• Publisher: Princeton University Press
• Year: 2022
• Print ISBN: 9780691044620
• eBook ISBN: 9780691240961
• Topic: Art
• Subtopic: Art General

A beautifully illustrated examination of the women artists whose inspired search for artistic integrity and equality influenced Expressionist avant-garde culture

Women Artists in Expressionism explores how women negotiated the competitive world of modern art during the late Wilhelmine and early Weimar periods in Germany. Their stories challenge predominantly male-oriented narratives of Expressionism and shed light on the divergent artistic responses of women to the dramatic events of the early twentieth century.

Shulamith Behr shows how the posthumous critical reception of Paula Modersohn-Becker cast her as a prime agent of the feminization of the movement, and how Käthe Kollwitz used printmaking as a vehicle for technical innovation and sociopolitical commentary. She looks at the dynamic relationship between Marianne Werefkin and Gabriele Münter, whose different paths in life led them to the Blaue Reiter, a group of Expressionist artists that included Wassily Kandinsky and Paul Klee. Behr examines Nell Walden's role as an influential art dealer, collector, and artist, who promoted women Expressionists during the First World War, and discusses how Dutch artist Jacoba van Heemskerck's spiritual abstraction earned her the status of an honorary German Expressionist. She demonstrates how figures such as Rosa Schapire and Johanna Ey contributed to the development of the movement as spectators, critics, and collectors of male avant-gardism.

Richly illustrated, Women Artists in Expressionism is a women-centered history that reveals the importance of emancipative ideals to the shaping of modernity and the avant-garde.

Table of contents

• Cover Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Contents
• Preface
• Abbreviations and Archives
• 1. Women Artists, Expressionist Avant-Garde Culture, and the Public Sphere
• 2. The Canonizing of Paula Modersohn-Becker: Embodying the Subject and the Feminization of Expressionism
• 3. Käthe Kollwitz, the Expressionist Milieu, and the Making of Her Career
• 4. Female Avant-Garde Identity and Creativity in the Blaue Reiter: The Possibility of a “Blaue Reiterreiterin”
• 5. Europeanism and Neutrality as Active Intervention: Gabriele Münter, Sturmkünstlerin, and Swedish Expressionism (1915–20)
• 6. The Gender and Geopolitics of Neutrality: Jacoba van Heemskerck, the Sturm Circle, and Spiritual Abstraction (1913–23)
• 7. The Formation of the Modern Woman Patron, Collector, and Dealer: From Brücke to Second-Generation Expressionism
• Epilogue
• Acknowledgments
• Notes
• Index
• Photo Credits