The Belgian Congo as a Developmental State

Revisiting Colonialism

Emizet François Kisangani

• Publisher: Taylor & Francis
• Year: 2022
• Print ISBN: 9781032254302
• eBook ISBN: 9781000636901
• Edition: 1
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: African History
• Index: History

This book challenges assumptions that poor post-colonial economic performance is always a direct product of colonialism by reconsidering the Belgian Congo (1908–1959) as a developmental state.

The book demonstrates that despite the colonial system's economic exploitation and extraction, brutality, excessive taxation, and inequities, the Belgian Congo achieved successes in developing the economy in a short period of time. The Belgian Congo was able to achieve this by investing its higher rates of fiscal revenue in political stability, physical infrastructure, education, and healthcare. By reconsidering the Belgian colonial state as a developmental state, this book encourages scholars to adopt a more nuanced analysis of African history. Considering state capacity and state autonomy as key features of a developmental state, the book demonstrates that colonial state managers in the Belgian Congo were able to supply these public goods that sustained economic growth for decades. Whilst by no means glorifying colonialism or the atrocities that were conducted during the Belgian occupation, the book nonetheless outlines how different forms of capitalism were deployed to further economic development in the country. In contrast, predatory state managers of the Congo Free State (1885–1908) and post-colonial kleptocrats (1960–2018) have squandered Congo's natural resources with disastrous economic and social consequences.

Contrasting the Belgian Congo with colonies of settlement and other colonies of extraction, this book encourages researchers and students to reconsider the dominant narratives within colonial history, development, and African Studies.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half-Title Page
• Series Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• List of Abbreviations
• 1 An overview of the argument
• 2 The Leopoldian state and economy of plunder
• 3 Political order and rule of law in the Belgian Congo
• 4 Belgian Congo and basic infrastructure for economic development
• 5 Property rights and economic development
• 6 Revenue imperative, state building, and economic development
• 7 From Mobutu to Mobutu and hubris syndrome
• 8 From an anarchic to a criminal state
• 9 The Belgian Congo state in comparative perspective
• Conclusion
• Index