Chemical agriculture and pollinators: signs of a Planet in danger

Giuseppe Zicari

• Publisher: Youcanprint
• Year: 2023
• Print ISBN: 9791221438642
• eBook ISBN: 9791221438659
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Biology
• Index: Biological Sciences

Bees, that have inhabited the Planet for over 100 million years, are the common thread that tells the story of various ecological challenges such as the reduction of biodiversity, climate change, soil degradation, and energy transition. Paradoxically, agriculture is one of the major causes of irreversible and, therefore, unsustainable changes such as global warming and the extinction of pollinators from which it derives its benefits and wealth. The massive use of fossil fuels, the distribution of poisons such as pesticides (persistent, toxic, and bioaccumulative), the loss of fertility in monocultures of plants selected to satisfy economic needs, are some of the main causes of an ecologically unsustainable food production system. The book tries to show a different vision of the World we are building, a story of backstories and underestimated dangers. This book received two prizes: "Steli di Pace" (Stems of Peace) by the Union of European Journalists and Communicators in 2023 and it was the winner of the "Concorso Nazionale per la divulgazione scientifica Kerit-LC Edizioni" (National Competition for science dissemination) in 2024.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• Dedication
• INDEX
• INTRODUCTION
• Foreword
• THE COMMON THREAD: POLLINATORS AND FOOD SAFETY
• PERSONAL CONSIDERATIONS
• PART ONE
• BEES BIOINDICATORS OF A WORLD IN DANGER
• BEES AND BEEKEEPING
• THE BEEKEEPING SECTOR IN THE WORLD AND IN ITALY
• THE BEES GUARDIANS OF OUR FUTURE
• A DISARMING GAP GENERATES THE SYNDROME OF CONSCIOUS BLINDNESS TO THE PLANNED DISASTER
• THE BIOLOGY OF BEES (Apis mellifera): an example of a female society of tireless, organized and altruistic workers
• THE POLLINATION SERVICE
• HONEY
• THE MELLIFEROUS POTENTIAL
• THE MAIN CROPS POLLINATED BY BEES
• SOME TYPES OF FRAUD INVOLVING HONEY
• SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN HYMENOPTERA AND FIG PLANTS
• HONEYDEW HONEY
• BEESWAX IN THE FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL SECTORS
• PROPOLIS
• BEE BEHAVIOUR
• BUMBLEBEES
• HEREDITY AND SOCIALITY
• ANTS: DIVISION OF LABOUR AND COOPERATION
• BEES AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
• BEES TRACKED BY MICRO-ANTENNAS
• DETECTION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES WITH BEES
• ANTENNAS AND ELECTRONIC DETECTORS: THE BIOSENSORS
• INSECT MACHINES: CYBERNETIC BEES
• MILITARY APPLICATIONS OF BEEKEEPING
• INTRODUCTION TO BIOMONITORING
• THE BENEFITS OF BIOMONITORING
• BIOMARKERS OF PESTICIDE EXPOSURE IN HUMANS
• THE USE OF BEES AS BIO-INDICATORS
• EXAMINATION OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE AIR INSIDE THE HIVE
• HYPOTHESIS OF BIOMONITORING WITH BEES
• CHARACTERISATION OF THE SITE WHERE BIOMONITORING IS TO BE CARRIED OUT
• HOW MANY HIVES TO USE AND WHERE TO PLACE THEM
• HIVE EQUIPPED WITH SENSORS TO GET INFORMATION ON THE STATE OF HEALTH AND BEHAVIOUR OF BEES
• INDICATORS FOR SAMPLING IN HIVES
• WHICH HIVE MATRIX TO SAMPLE FOR METAL MONITORING
• BIOMONITORING RADIONUCLIDES IN BEEHIVES
• DETECT POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
• MONITORING OF PESTICIDES IN DIFFERENT BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS
• SOME INDICATIONS FOR BIOMONITORING
• HONEY SAMPLES
• WAX SAMPLES
• BEE SAMPLES
• POLLEN SAMPLES
• PALYNOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY GEOGRAPHICAL ORIGIN OF HONEY
• ENVIRONMENTAL MATRICES FOR COMPARISON
• SUITABILITY OF DIFFERENT BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS FOR BIOMONITORING
• BIOMONITORING AND CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS OF POLLUTANTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
• SAMPLING OF BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS
• LABORATORY ANALYTICAL METHODS
• THE USE OF MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS IN BEES
• THE USE OF MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS IN BEES
• PESTICIDES: MANIFESTO OF UNSUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION
• SOME MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF PESTICIDES
• TOXICOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
• A BULLISH SELF-DESTRUCTIVE EXPERIMENT
• THE BEST-SELLING HERBICIDE IN THE WORLD: GLYPHOSATE
• DDT: THE INSECTICIDE THAT HELPED TO DEFEAT MALARIA
• THE ORGANOPHOSPHATE AND CARBAMATE INSECTICIDES
• PYRETHROIDS
• ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING INSECTICIDES
• THE USE OF PLANT INSECTICIDES: NEONICOTINOIDS
• NEONICOTINOIDS IN FLOWERS
• NEONICOTINOIDS IN GUTTATION DROPS AND PLANT RESIN
• POISONOUS SUBSTANCES AT VERY LOW CONCENTRATIONS
• THE SUB-LETHAL EFFECTS OF NEONICOTINOIDS ON BEES
• A POISONOUS INSURANCE POLICY
• THE POISONOUSNESS OF CERTAIN INSECTICIDES TO BEES
• PESTICIDES IN PLANTS AND BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS
• PESTICIDE CONTAMINATION
• PESTICIDES IN POLLEN
• POLLEN CONTAMINATION AS A RESULT OF THE USE OF SEEDS IMPREGNATED WITH PESTICIDES
• PESTICIDES IN NECTAR AND HONEYDEW
• PESTICIDES IN THE DROPLETS
• PESTICIDES IN THE WAX
• PESTICIDES IN BEES DUE TO EXPOSURE IN THE FIELD
• SPARKS OF AWARENESS: THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON BEES AND OTHER BENEFICIAL INSECTS
• INTRODUCTION
• LIMITATIONS OF THE PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT FOR BEES
• SUB-LETHAL EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON BEES
• REDUCTION IN OLFACTORY LEARNING CAPACITY AND MEMORY
• IMPAIRED ORIENTATION AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS
• OTHER BEHAVIOURAL ALTERATIONS
• IMMUNE AND ENDOCRINE PROBLEMS
• ADVERSE EFFECTS ON REPRODUCTION
• LIFE CYCLE ALTERATION
• PESTICIDES WITH AN ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION
• OTHER ALTERATIONS
• INFINETISAMAL QUANTITIES DAMAGE THE BUMBLEBEES
• LOW-DOSE EXPOSURES IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL INSECTS
• CONSIDERATIONS FOR SUB-LETHAL EFFECTS
• PESTICIDES USED IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
• GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS WITH AN INSECTICIDAL ACTION
• UNAVOIDABLE MULTIPLE EXPOSURES
• INTRODUCTION TO SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
• SOME SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
• RISK ASSESSMENT IS NOT SIMPLE
• RISK ASSESSMENT FOR OTHER POLLINATORS
• PESTICIDES THAT ARE CERTAINLY VERY DANGEROUS FOR BEES
• BEES BIOINDICATORS OF UNSUSTAINABLE CHEMICAL AGRICULTURE
• WORLDWIDE BIOMONITORING ON PESTICIDES AND OTHER MOLECULES SUCH AS PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls)
• INVESTIGATIONS IN ITALY INTO PESTICIDES AND OTHER MOLECULES SUCH AS POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB S)
• CONTAMINATION OF BEES DURING SOWING
• CONCLUSIONS
• METAL CONTAMINATION
• METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL
• METALS IN BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS
• INTERNATIONAL SURVEYS ON METALS IN BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS
• SOME ITALIAN RESULTS ON THE MONITORING OF METALS IN BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS
• THE DETECTION OF RADIOACTIVITY
• MONITORING METAL CONTAMINATION WITH ANTS
• MONITORING OTHER POLLUTANTS, MICROORGANISMS AND DISEASES
• BIOMONITORING OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN PLANTS
• BIOMONITORING OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS
• MICROORGANISMS IN HONEY
• ANTIBIOTICS IN HONEY
• MONITORING OF PLANT DISEASES WITH BEES
• REFLECTIONS ON BIOMONITORING
• EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDES: THE DEADLY FACE OF PROGRESS
• SOME PERSONAL CONSIDERATIONS
• ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN THE FIELD
• PESTICIDES: THE IGNORED KNOWLEDGE ON LONG KNOWN DANGERS
• IF EVERYTHING HAS A PRICE, THE ENVIRONMENT BECOMES A LUXURY
• INTRODUCTION TO PESTICIDE DAMAGE
• DETERMINATION OF THE ACCEPTABLE LEVEL OF RISK
• PESTICIDES ARE TOXIC SUBSTANCES
• PESTICIDES INTERFERE WITH THE HORMONAL SYSTEM
• PESTICIDES AND THYROID
• ALTERATIONS IN MALE FERTILITY
• UNDERESTIMATED KNOWLEDGE
• HONEY AND PESTICIDES
• NEUROTOXIC EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES
• RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGIES
• THE ANTIBIOTIC ACTION OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDES
• GLYPHOSATE AND INTESTINAL MICROORGANISMS
• MICROORGANISMS IN THE SOIL
• GLYPHOSATE AND THE RHIZOSPHERE
• CANCER
• THE SPREAD OF CANCER IN EUROPE AND ITALY
• TOBACCO SMOKING AND LIFESTYLES
• PESTICIDES AND CANCER
• THE CANCER CENSUS
• MULTIPLE CONTAMINATIONS FROM EARLY STAGES OF LIFE
• SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
• ACCIDENTS
• SOME LIMITATIONS OF PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION
• THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE
• INEFFECTIVE SOLUTIONS
• THE STOCKHOLM CONVENTION
• THE CHALLENGE OF HEALTHCARE COSTS: INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
• PESTICIDE SALES DATA IN ITALY AND WATER MONITORING
• CENSUS OF PESTICIDE USE: AN ORGANIZED BLINDNESS
• CHOICES TO IMITATE
• COUNTERACTING AVOIDABLE CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION
• BEE AS AMBASSADORS OF AN ENDANGERED WORLD
• THE SUDDEN DEATH OF BEES
• COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER, OR THE SYNDROME OF THE CONSCIOUS BLINDNESS OF A PLANNED DISASTER
• MULTIFACTORIAL DILUTION
• INEFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF RISK PREVENTION FOR BEES: vested interests instead of the common good
• POLLUTION CONTAMINATES WILD FLOWERS, BIRDS AND SOIL INVERTEBRATES
• PESTICIDES ARE PERSISTENT
• PESTICIDE RESISTANCE
• MISINFORMATION IS MORALLY UNACCEPTABLE
• THE ROLE OF SCIENCE FOR DEMOCRACY
• AN ALARMING GAP BETWEEN THE RESOURCES IN THE FIELD
• THE ROLE OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES IN PROTECTING COLLECTIVE INTERESTS IS CONSTANTLY BEING UNDERMINED
• UNDEMOCRATIC TRADE AGREEMENTS
• REDUCTIONISM GENERATED BY HYPER-SPECIALIZATION
• PART TWO
• REFLECTIONS ON ECOLOGICAL UNCONSCIOUSNESS AND CHOICES AGAINST NATURE
• BEYOND ECOLOGICAL LIMITS
• BANKRUPT NATURE AND OPERATIONAL SPACE FOR HUMANITY
• THE SKY BELONGS TO EVERYONE
• THE FINAL CENTURY: PLANETARY LIMITS AND FOOD SECURITY
• UNSUSTAINABLE APPROPRIATION OF PRIMARY PRODUCTION
• THE CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY GENERATED OVER MILLIONS OF YEARS: THE SUN BURIED
• INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE AND SOME PLANETARY LIMITS: CLIMATE, WATER AND SOIL
• AGRICULTURE IS AN INDUSTRY THAT CONVERTS OIL INTO FOOD.
• MORE THAN 50% OF THE VEGETABLES GROWN WILL FEED NO ONE
• THE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT OF THE HUMAN SPECIES: WE SHOULD BECOME MORE VEGETARIAN
• THE OCEANS ARE IN DANGER
• THE DILEMMA BETWEEN INFINITE GROWTH AND THE NON-MATERIAL DIMENSION OF PROSPERITY
• ECOCIDE: THE ECONOMY ACCEPTS NO LIMITS
• UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
• ENERGY
• THE HIDDEN EXTERNALITIES OF GREEN CAPITALISM
• CLIMATE CHANGE
• AIR POLLUTION AND ROAD TRANSPORT
• CLIMATE CHANGE: TOO LITTLE, TOO LATE
• GAMBLING WITH THE FUTURE
• THE CARBON CYCLE
• THE AWAKENING OF THE GIANTS
• CLIMATE CHANGE DAMAGES BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD SAFETY
• THE FREQUENCY OF EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS IS INCREASING
• CLIMATE CHANGE, POLLINATORS AND FOOD SAFETY
• CLIMATE CHANGE AND ZOONOSES
• STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION AND TROPOSPHERIC OZONE INCREASE
• DISTRACTING ATTENTION WITH SCIENTIFICALLY AND MORALLY INCORRECT DISCLOSURES
• FIGHTING IGNORANCE AND INEQUALITIES TO SAFEGUARD ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH
• IRREVERSIBLE SOIL DEGRADATION
• SOIL IS A PRECIOUS AND NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCE
• LIVESTOCK, FERTILIZERS, AND SOIL
• FERTILIZATION AND METAL INPUT
• COMPOST: FERTILIZATION OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES?
• THE ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE SOIL ARE UNDERESTIMATED
• FERTILITY AND FOOD SAFETY ARE CLOSELY LINKED: ZERO LAND CONSUMPTION IS NEEDED
• CONTAMINATION OF SOIL AND WATER BY NEONICOTINOIDS
• ALTERATION OF THE BIO-GEOCHEMICAL CYCLES OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS
• PREVENTION OF SOIL DEGRADATION
• WATER: A PRECIOUS ASSET TO SAFEGUARD
• WATER, A UNIVERSAL RIGHT, NOT A COMMODITY
• THE WATER CYCLE
• WATER AND AGRICULTURE
• NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, AND EUTROPHICATION
• STEROID HORMONES IN THE WATER
• ANTIBIOTIC CONTAMINATION
• PESTICIDES CONTAMINATE WATER DANGEROUSLY
• SOME DERIVATIVES AND METABOLITES OF PESTICIDES THAT CAN CONTAMINATE WATER (and not only)
• WE MUST DEPLASTICIZE OUR LIVES
• THE ACIDIFICATION OF THE OCEANS
• UNSUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION OF THE SEAS
• NON-RENEWABLE USE OF WATER RESOURCES
• GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS: A PROGRAMMED ENSLAVEMENT
• GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS
• THE PLANNED OBSOLESCENCE PLANTS
• AN EXEMPLARY PROJECT OF PLANNED SLAVERY: THE HYBRID CORN
• THE COLLATERAL DAMAGE TO THE COMMUNITY AND FUTURE GENERATIONS
• ENERGIES FROM BIOMASSES: AGRO-METHANE OR BIOGAS
• MANY AGAINST A FEW
• THE PRODUCTION OF AGRO-METHANE
• THE ADVANTAGES OF ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION
• AGRO-METHANE FROM CEREALS AND LIVESTOCK MANURE
• THE SUPPLY OF A BIOGAS PLANT
• THE ENERGY BALANCE OF MAIZE PRODUCTION
• THE ENERGY BALANCE IN THE BIOGAS CHAIN
• REFLECTIONS ON SOME ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF AGRO-METHANE FROM CEREALS
• THE BIOLOGICAL RISK IS UNDERESTIMATED
• GENEROUS AND UNSUCCESSFUL INCENTIVES
• THE BUREAUCRATIC MACHINE DID NOT PROTECT THE COMMUNITY
• THE CONSEQUENCES OF AN EXAMPLE OF PLANNED ECOCIDE
• AN ECOLOGICAL DISASTER: THE IRREVERSIBLE DESTRUCTION OF BIODIVERSITY
• PARADISE IS A GARDEN
• WE HAVE ENTERED THE AGE OF LONELINESS
• SOME CAUSES OF NON-HUMAN EXTINCTION
• LOST PARADISES: DEFORESTATION AND BIODIVERSITY
• INSECT BIODIVERSITY IS IN DECLINE
• BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD SAFETY
• POLLINATORS AND FOOD SAFETY
• THE LOSS OF FOOD SOVEREIGNTY INCREASES INSECURITY
• SUB-LETHAL EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON WILDLIFE
• BIRDS AND POLLINATORS SHARE THE SAME FATAL DESTINY
• THE DOMESTICATION OF THE NATURAL LANDSCAPE IN ITALY
• HUNTING IN ITALY
• POLLINATORS IN ITALY
• ARTIFICIAL COMPETITIONS BETWEEN POLLINATORS
• ECOSYSTEMS THREATENED BY THE INTRODUCTION OF ALIEN SPECIES
• ALIEN SPECIES
• THE VULNERABILITY OF ECOSYSTEMS TO THE INTRODUCTION OF ALIEN SPECIES
• THE INVASION BY NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN EUROPE
• VITICULTURE AND THE (ALIEN) VECTOR INSECT OF FLAVESCENCE DORÉE: UNSUSTAINABLE CHOICES
• NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN AMERICA
• THE INVASION OF NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN AUSTRALIA
• THE SPREAD OF CERTAIN INSECT-BORNE DISEASES
• SOME FACTORS FAVOURING THE ARTIFICIAL SPREAD OF SPECIES
• THE VOLUNTARY INTRODUCTION OF ALIEN SPECIES FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL PURPOSES
• QUANTIFYING AND MONETIZING MAN'S DOMINION OVER NATURE
• THE VILLAGE OF PROGRAMMED BIOLOGICAL DESTINY
• OTHER PROBABLE FUTURE DISASTERS: GENETIC ENGINEERING
• BIOTECHNOLOGY OPENS UP NEW FRONTIERS
• APPLICATIONS IN THE FIELD OF MEDICINE: GENE THERAPY
• GENE THERAPY IS NOW A REALITY: THE CASE OF THE STRIMVELIS TREATMENT
• A FAILURE: THE GLYBERA TREATMENT
• ZOLGENSMA GENE THERAPY
• LUXTURNA GENE THERAPY
• ZYNTEGLO GENE THERAPY
• ARTIFICIAL HUMAN SELECTION: PROGRAMMING ONE'S OWN GENETIC DESTINY
• ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
• CHILDREN FROM THREE PARENTS
• HUMANS GENETICALLY MODIFIED WITH THE CRISPR SYSTEM
• WILL BIOTECHNOLOGY HELP US OR MAKE THINGS WORSE?.
• TECHNOLOGIES ARE NOT INFALLIBLE
• EDITING MICROORGANISMS
• DESIGNING HUMAN EMBRYOS: WILL THE DREAM OF THE PERFECT CHILD COME TRUE?
• ASTONISHING AND FRIGHTENING APPLICATIONS: IT IS NEITHER SUSTAINABLE NOR REASONABLE TO MAKE EVERYTHING YOU CAN
• GENETICALLY MODIFIED HONEYBEES
• MOSQUITOES HAVE INFLUENCED THE FATE OF MANKIND
• UNNATURAL SELECTION: THE GENETIC CONTROL OF INVASIVE SPECIES OR SPECIES CLASSIFIED AS HARMFUL
• THE FARM WITH THE HUMANIZED GENETIC PROGRAMME
• HABITS THAT ARE DETRIMENTAL TO BEEKEEPING AND AGRICULTURE
• INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE LEADS TO A LACK OF NUTRIENTS FOR POLLINATORS
• MIGRATORY BEEKEEPERS: BLIND OPTIMISM AND SELECTIVE DEAFNESS
• THE NOMADISM OF BUMBLEBEES: A DANGEROUS EXPERIMENT
• BEEKEEPING DEPLETES THE FOOD RESOURCES AVAILABLETO OTHER POLLINATORS
• SOME IMPORTANT ENEMIES OF BEES
• MODERN BEEKEEPING PROMOTES THE SPREAD OF DISEASES
• LIMITING NOMADISM
• THE ANTHROPOCENTRIC GENETIC SELECTION REDUCES BIODIVERSITY
• UNNATURAL PRACTICES
• MONETIZING NATURE'S ESSENTIAL SERVICES: A REDUCTIVE AND ANTIECOLOGICAL APPROACH
• THE ESSENTIAL POLLINATION SERVICE FOR FOOD SAFETY
• DIFFERENT PLANTS BENEFIT FROM DIFFERENT POLLINATORS
• THE ECONOMIC ESTIMATE OF THE SERVICE PROVIDED BY POLLINATORS
• MONETIZING THE NATURAL CAPITAL IS REDUCTIVE AND DANGEROUS: COMMON GOODS MUST BE PROTECTED
• ANOTHER VISION OF THE WORLD MUST BE POSSIBLE
• DO SOMETHING NEW WITH THE OLD AND IMITATE NATURE
• SIGNALS HAVE BEEN WARNING US FOR SOME TIME
• THE TRAGEDY OF THE COMMON GOODS
• HORRORS OF JUDICIAL REPORTING ON BIOLOGICAL DAMAGE FROM ARSENIC
• EXPLORING NEW SOLUTIONS IS A NECESSITY
• BIODIVERSITY IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS
• RESTORING AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEMS TO A SEMI-NATURAL STATE
• INCREASING THE CHANCE OF SURVIVAL OF THE ENEMIES OF CROP PESTS
• ENCOURAGING MOSAIC AGRO-SYSTEMS
• POLYCULTURE IS ECOLOGICALLY BENEFICIAL
• THE ANNUAL CROP ROTATION DOES NOT COMPROMISE THE ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES
• THE SPREAD OF NATURAL CORRIDORS
• IMITATING NATURAL ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSIONS
• CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION FAVOURS CERTAIN CROP PESTS
• REDUCING THE USE OF PESTICIDES
• THE LIMITS OF THE TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION
• AUTHORITATIVE DISCLOSURE THAT IS SCIENTIFICALLY INCOMPLETE AND ETHICALLY INCORRECT
• ORGANIC FARMING HAS SEVERAL ADVANTAGES
• ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE CAN HELP MITIGATE THE CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
• INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION IN BEEKEEPING
• MAKE THE COMMUNITY ECO-LITERATE
• THE CONCENTRATION OF FOOD SUPPLY
• LABELLING AND ADVERTISING
• THE GLOBALIZATION OF INDIFFERENCE
• STOPPING THE WHIRLPOOL OF THE INESSENTIAL
• IT IS NOT YET TOO LATE: we are the architects of our own destiny
• THANKS
• BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES INDICATED IN THE TEXT