Between Brown and Black

Anti-Racist Activism in Brazil

Antonio José Bacelar da Silva

• Publisher: Rutgers University Press
• Year: 2022
• Print ISBN: 9781978808522, 9781978808539
• eBook ISBN: 9781978808546
• Topic: Social Sciences
• Subtopic: Civil Rights in Politics
• Index: Social Sciences

With new momentum, the Brazilian black movement is working to bring attention to and change the situation of structural racism in Brazil. Black consciousness advocates are challenging Afro-Brazilians to define themselves and politically organize around being black, and more Afro-Brazilians are increasingly doing so. Other segments of the Brazilian black movement are working to influence legislation and implement formal mechanisms that aim to promote racial equality, including Affirmative Action Racial Verification Committees. For advocates of these committees, one needs to be phenotypically black enough to be a more likely target of racism to qualify for Affirmative Action programs. Paradoxically, individuals are told to identify as black but only some people are considered black enough to benefit from these policies. Afro-Brazilians are presented with a whole range of identity choices, from how to classify oneself, to whether one votes for political candidates based on shared racial experiences. Between Brown and Black argues that Afro-Brazilian activists' continued exploration of blackness confronts anti-blackness while complicating understandings of what it means to be black. Blending linguistic and ethnographic accounts, this book raises complex questions about current black struggles in Brazil and beyond, including the black movements' political initiatives and antiracist agenda.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contents
• 1. Black into Brown, Brown into Black: Afro-Brazilians Grapple with Racial Categorization
• 2. The Language of Afro-Brazilian Anti-racist Socialization
• 3. Performing Ancestors, Claiming Blackness
• 4. Becoming an Anti-racist, or “As Black as We Can Be”
• 5. Who Can Be Black for Affirmative Action Programs in Brazil?
• 6. The Complex Calculus of Race and Electoral Politics in Salvador
• Conclusion: Afro-Brazilians’ Black and Brown Anti-racism
• Acknowledgments
• Notes
• References
• Index
• About the Author