What Were the Early Rabbis?

An Introduction from a Sociocultural Perspective

Jack N. Lightstone

• Publisher: Cascade Books
• Year: 2023
• Print ISBN: 9781666762471, 9781666762488
• eBook ISBN: 9781666762495
• Topic: Theology & Religion
• Subtopic: Jewish Theology

Over the first eight centuries CE, the religious cultures of Middle Eastern, Mediterranean and many European lands transformed. Worship of "the gods" largely gave way to the worship of YHWH, the God of Israel, under Christianity and Islam, both developments of contemporary Judaism, after Rome destroyed Judaism's central shrine, the Jerusalem Temple, in 70 CE. But concomitant changes occurred within contemporary Judaism. The events of 70 wiped away well-established Judaic institutions in the Land of Israel, and over time the authority of a cadre of new "masters" of Judaic law, life, and practice, the "rabbis, " took hold. What was the core, professional-like profile of members of this emerging cadre in the late second and early third centuries, when this group first attained a level of stable institutionalization (even if not yet well-established authority)? What views did they promote about the authoritative basis of their profile? What in their surrounding and antecedent sociocultural contexts lent prima facie legitimacy and currency to that profile? Geared to a nonspecialist readership, What Were the Early Rabbis? addresses these questions and consequently sheds light on eventual shifts in power that came to underpin Judaic communal life, while Christianity and Islam "Judaized" non-Jews under their expansive hegemonies.

Table of contents

• Title Page
• Preface
• Abbreviations
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Chapter 2: The Myth of Mishnah and Early Rabbinic Self-Definition
• Chapter 3: Mishnah Study and the Shaping of a Shared, Early Rabbinic, Professional Profile
• Chapter 4: Extra-Mishnaic Aspects of the Early Rabbinic Profile
• Chapter 5: Elements of Judah-ite, Homeland Culture That Underpin the Early Rabbinic Profile
• Chapter 6: Elements of Greco-Roman, Near Eastern, and Diaspora Jewish Culture and the Currency of the Early Rabbinic Profile
• Afterword
• Appendix
• Bibliography