
The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers, Vol. VI
September 1924-December 1927
- 766 pages
- English
- ePUB (mobile friendly)
- Available on iOS & Android
The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers, Vol. VI
September 1924-December 1927
About this book
"If I die in Atlanta my work shall then only begin, but I shall live, in the physical or spiritual, to see the day of Africa's glory.... I shall write the history that will inspire the millions that are coming and leave the posterity of our enemies to reckon with the hosts for the deeds of their fathers."āMarcus Garvey upon his imprisonment in the Atlanta federal penitentiary, 1925 The sixth volume of The Marcus Garvey and UNIA Papers spans the great divide in the affairs of the American Garvey movement that resulted from the imprisonment of its charismatic leader in 1925. The volume tells the story of Garvey's failed efforts to win the appeal against his conviction for mail fraud, his incarceration, the legal battle to win his freedom, and the massive grass-roots petition movement mobilized in his defense. The activism inspired by Garvey's imprisonment was confounded by internecine struggles within the hierarchy of the movement and by growing financial difficulties, including the failure of the Black Cross Navigation and Trading Company, the loss of Liberty Hall, and the bankruptcy of Liberty University. The volume ends with Garvey's release from prison and his deportation from America. Although he never returned to the United States, Garvey continued his forceful shaping of the history of the movement that bore his name, first from Jamaica and then from his final exile in Britain.
"If I die in Atlanta my work shall then only begin, but I shall live, in the physical or spiritual, to see the day of Africa's glory.... I shall write the history that will inspire the millions that are coming and leave the posterity of our enemies to
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- CONTENTS
- ILLUSTRATIONS
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- EDITORIAL PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES
- TEXTUAL DEVICES
- SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIA TIONS
- CHRONOLOGY
- UNIA Delegation to President Calvin Coolidge
- William R. Castle, Chief, Division of Western European Affairs, Department of State, to Charles Evans Hughes, Secretary of State
- Article in the New York Times
- Writ of Error of Marcus Garvey, Marcus Garvey v. United States, U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
- Speech by Marcus Garvey
- Vice President, Panama Rail Road Company,1 to M. L. Walker,2 President
- Negro World Notice
- Editorial by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World
- F. W. Williams1 to the NAACP
- Speech by Marcus Garvey
- D. C. Hunter to the NAACP
- Brief for the United States, Marcus Garvey v. United States, U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
- Speech by Marcus Garvey
- Reply Brief for Marcus Garvey, Marcus Garvey v. United States, U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
- Speech by Marcus Garvey
- J. W. Ross1 to Charles Evans Hughes
- A. E. Paterson, Freight Agent, to S. W. Heald, Superintendent, Panama Rail Road Company
- Judgment of Appeal,
- Article in the New York Times
- C. A. Harrigan to President Calvin Coolidge
- Petition of Marcus Garvey for Writ of Certiorari to the U.S. Supreme Court, Marcus Garvey v. United States
- Article in the New York Times
- Article by Associate Editor Norton G. Thomas in the Negro World
- Negro World Announcement
- Registration Form, Atlanta Federal Penitentiary
- Editorial Letter by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World
- Negro World Notice
- William Sherrill to Marcus Garvey
- C. A. Harrigan to William J. Donovan,1 Assistant Attorney General
- Marcus Garvey to Sen. James E. Watson1
- Clifford Bourne, UNIA Chancellor, to Marcus Garvey
- JosƩ de Olivares,1 American Consul, Kingston, Jamaica, to Frank Billings Kellogg,2 Secretary of State
- James Finch1, Pardon Attorney, to Rep. Clarence J. McLeod
- William Sherrill to Marcus Garvey
- Denial of Writ of Certiorari, U.S. Supreme Court
- Editorial in the Spokesman1
- Brief for the United States in Opposition to the Petition of Marcus Garvey for a Writ of Certiorari, Marcus Garvey v. United States
- Negro World Notice
- James Finch to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Article in the Star and Herald
- J. A. Mitchell,1 Chief Customs Inspector, to Shipping Commissioner, Panama Canal Zone
- Amy Jacques Garvey to James Finch
- Stock Certificate
- John Sargent,1 Attorney General, to Rep. William I. Swoope2
- Declaration by the Central Executive Committee, Workers (Communist) Party of America1
- William Sherrill to President Calvin Coolidge
- Marcus Garvey Pardon Delegation to John Sargent
- Great Adams to President Calvin Coolidge
- NEGRO WORLD NOTICE
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Arthur Schomburg
- George Gordon Battle to John Sargent
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Arthur Schomburg
- Report by Special Agent in Charge H. P. Wright1
- E. M. Edwards to Marcus Garvey
- Negro World Notice
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox1
- Editorial by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World (āAfrican Fundamentalismā)1
- John T. Alsop, Mayor, Jacksonville, Florida, to Special Agent in Charge H. P. Wright
- Marcus Garvey to E. M. Edwards
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to President Calvin Coolidge
- Marcus Garvey to President Calvin Coolidge
- James Finch to Edgar M. Blessing,1 Solicitor, Post Office Department
- Amy Jacques Garvey to John Sargent
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- G. Emonei Carter to Marcus Garvey
- Dr. A. F. Quillian to John W. Snook,1 Warden, Atlanta Federal Penitentiary
- Emory R. Buckner1, U.S. Attorney for New York, to James Finch
- Report by Post Office Inspector F. E. Shea
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Amy Jacques Garvey to J. R. Ralph Casimir
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Essay by Marcus Garvey
- Essays on Racial Purity by Marcus Garvey
- Acting Pardon Attorney to Emory R. Buckner
- Emory R. Buckner to Acting Pardon Attorney
- Judge Julian W. Mack to Emory R. Buckner
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Anthony Crawford1
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Anthony Crawford to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to the Members of the New York Local UNIA Division
- Marcus Garvey to John Sargent
- James Finch to Marcus Garvey
- George Weston, Vice President, New York Local UNIA Division, to the Associated Press, Washington, D.C.
- William Sherrill to Marcus Garvey
- Negro World Notice
- Article in the Panama Star and Herald
- American Negro Labor Congress to Marcus Garvey
- Theophelus E. Dixon to President Calvin Coolidge
- Fred A. Toote, William Ware, Samuel Haynes, and J. A. Craigen to Marcus Garvey
- Letter of Introduction for John Powell by Marcus Garvey
- Speech by John Powell
- Anthony Crawford to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Anthony Crawford
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Officers, St. Louis UNIA Division, to President Calvin Coolidge
- George Weston, President, and Hannah Nicholas, Secretary, New York Local UNIA Division, to President Calvin Coolidge
- James Finch to
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to
- Marcus Garvey to Anthony Crawford
- Marcus Garvey to Judge John P. OāBrien, Surrogateās Court, New York
- William Sherrill and Anthony Crawford to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Anthony Crawford to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Joab Banton, District Attorney for New York County
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Petition from UNIA Members, Bocas del Toro, Panama
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Clifford Bourne to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Mr. McEvoy, Printer, Henri Rogowski and Company
- Editorial by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Louis Jacobson and Haskel Jacobs, Counselors at Law, to William Sherrill
- Percival Burrows to Marcus Garvey
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Prof. D. H. Kyle
- James Finch to George Gordon Battle
- Clifford Bourne to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- John Sargent to Sen. Frank B. Willis
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Memorandum by James Finch
- G. Emonei Carter, UNIA Secretary General, to President Calvin Coolidge
- Article in the Negro World by William Sherrill
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Nicholas Longworth,1 Speaker of the House, to John Sargent
- John Sargent to Sen. L. D. Tyson
- W. L. Lains,1 Atlanta UNIA Member, to President Calvin Coolidge
- Marcus Garvey to Armin Kohn and Maurice Nagler
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- James Finch to Nicholas Longworth
- Marcus Garvey to James Finch
- Marcus Garvey to James Finch
- Rash Behari Bose1 to the Secretary, UNIA
- George Gordon Battle to James Finch
- Nicholas Longworth to John Sargent
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to William Ware
- John Sargent to Nicholas Longworth
- Marcus Garvey to William Sherrill
- Marcus Garvey to Henrietta Vinton Davis
- George Gordon Battle to James Finch
- Petition from UNIA Division No. 200, Port Antonio, Jamaica
- James Finch to Harry E. Hull,1 Commissioner General of Immigration, Department of Labor
- James Finch to Emory R. Buckner
- Emory R. Buckner to James Finch
- Emory R. Buckner to James Finch
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to Percival Burrows
- Marcus Garvey to J. J. Peters
- W. W. Husband,1 Second Assistant Secretary of Labor, to John Sargent
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- John Sargent to James Finch
- Marcus Garvey to the Secretary, New York Local UNIA Division
- Marcus Garvey to L. J. Van Pelt
- John Sargent to President Calvin Coolidge
- Department of Justice White House Memorandum
- James Finch to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to J. J. Peters
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Amy Jacques Garvey to UNIA Co-workers
- Editorial by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World
- Marcus Garvey to Prof. D. H. Kyle, Chairman, Marcus Garvey Committee on Justice1
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Report of Proceedings, Ann Rebecca Morter v. Arthur Balderamos, H. H. Cain, and the UNIA
- G. Emonei Carter to Marcus Garvey
- Anthony Crawford to the Black Cross Navigation and Trading Company
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Kametaro Mitsukawa
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Mr. McEvoy
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Negro World Notice
- Editorial Letter by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to George Alexander McGuire
- Marcus Garvey to M. L. T. De Mena
- Marcus Garvey to Robert Watson Winston
- Editorial Letter by Marcus Garvey
- Article in the New York Age
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Sir Esme Howard, British Ambassador to the United States
- Amy Jacques Garvey to
- Judge John P. OāBrien to John Sargent
- C. A. Campbell to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Uriah Gittens
- Mrs. A. S. Alexander to the New York Age
- Diary Entry by Robert Watson Winston
- Marcus Garvey to William Phillips1
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Isaac D. White, Editor, New York World
- Enclosure:
- Statement by Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to J. A. Craigen
- Marcus Garvey to William Ware
- Letter by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World
- Lester Walton1 to Isaac D. White
- Convention Message from Marcus Garvey
- Charges Against William Sherrill by Marcus Garvey
- W. W. Husband to John Sargent
- Enclosure:
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Fred A. Toote1
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Article in the New York Age
- Convention Report by Norton G. Thomas
- Excerpts from the Decision of Chief Justice H. K. M. Sisnett, Ann Rebecca Morter v. Arthur Balderamos, H. H. Cain, and the UNIA
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Report by G. Emonei Carter
- Marcus Garvey to John Sargent
- Article in the Baltimore Afro-American
- Article by Cyril Briggs in the Negro World
- Article in the Negro World
- Speech by Fred A. Toote, UNIA Acting President General
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Fred A. Toote
- Fred A. Toote to Marcus Garvey
- Fred A. Toote and F. Levi Lord to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Enclosure: Form to Be Signed by Amy Jacques Garvey
- W. A. Wallace to James Finch
- Marcus Garvey to Fred A. Toote
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- James Finch to W. A. Wallace
- Mohandas K. Gandhi to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Fred A. Toote
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Earnest S. Cox
- Marcus Garvey to Fred A. Toote
- Marcus Garvey to Percival Burrows
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Fred A. Toote
- Marcus Garvey to James P. Cannon1
- Acting Pardon Attorney to George Gordon Battle
- Press Release of Rival UNIA Convention, New York
- Deposition of George Weston, UNIA, Incorporated v. Marcus Garvey, Amy Jacques Garvey, et al.
- W. A. Wallace to the President, Officers, and Members of the UNIA
- Marcus Garvey to UNIA Executive Officers
- Affidavit by Marcus Garvey, UNIA, Incorporated, v. Marcus Garvey, Amy Jacques Garvey, et al.
- Speech by Fred A. Toote
- Marcus Garvey to F. Levi Lord
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Samuel Haynes
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Messrs. McEvoy and Skinner
- Affidavit by George Weston, UNIA, Incorporated, v. Marcus Garvey, Amy Jacques Garvey, et al.
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Armin Kohn and Maurice Nagler
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Prison Visitor Record
- A. H. Showman to the Superintendent of Prisons, Department of Justice
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Fred A. Toote
- Marcus Garvey to John W. Snook
- John W. Snook to H. C. Heckman, Assistant Superintendent of Prisons, Department of Justice
- Interview with Marcus Garvey by Joel A. Rogers
- James Finch to Rep. James M. Mead1
- Marcus Garvey to President Calvin Coolidge
- Enclosure:
- Marcus Garvey to John Sargent
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Nicholas Murray Butler, President, Columbia University
- Negro World Notice
- James Finch to Armin Kohn
- James Finch to Armin Kohn
- James Finch to Zebedee Green1
- Armin Kohn and Maurice Nagler to John Sargent
- Extract from Memorandum by James Finch
- Memorandum by James Finch
- Armin Kohn to John Sargent
- Enclosure:
- S. R. Church, Editor, Virginia Union Farmer, to President Calvin Coolidge
- W. A. Plecker, Registrar of Vital Statistics, Commonwealth of Virginia, to President Calvin Coolidge
- MARCH 1927 Prison Record of Marcus Garvey
- George Mallison to President Calvin Coolidge
- Charles C. Berkeley, President, Newport News Post, Anglo-Saxon Clubs of America, to President Calvin Coolidge
- James Finch to W. A. Plecker
- Negro World Notices
- Brief by Armin Kohn and Maurice Nagler
- Speech by Fred A. Toote
- E. B. Knox1 to Sen. Charles Deneen2
- Editorial by Fred A. Toote in the Negro World
- James Finch to John W. Snook
- Lucian A. Slaughter to President Calvin Coolidge
- Charles T. Nellans, Physician, Atlanta Federal Penitentiary, to John W. Snook
- Edward Hoogerbook to John Sargent
- Enclosure:
- Article in the Chicago Whip
- Editorial by Fred A. Toote in the Negro World
- āKeep Coolā
- Advertisement for āKeep Coolā5
- J. Edgar Hoover to James Finch
- Earl Little,1 W. M. Townsend, and Robert Finney, Officers, International Industrial Club of Milwaukee, to President Calvin Coolidge
- Negro World Advertisement
- J. A. Marshall to John Sargent
- Harrison Underwood, J. H. Roberts, E. F. Gibbon, John Orr, and Prophet G. W. Hurley,1 Universal Hagar Spiritual Association, to President Calvin Coolidge
- James Green to President Calvin Coolidge
- Negro World Announcement
- Negro World Notice
- James Finch to Mrs. E. J. Wheatley
- Marcus Garvey to J. A. Craigen
- James Green to John Sargent
- Marcus Garvey to E. E. Mair,1 Business Manager, Negro World
- Marcus Garvey to Caleb Robinson,1 Principal, Liberty University
- Marcus Garvey to Mrs. Thompson
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to Chicago UNIA Division
- Marcus Garvey to Ethel Collins1
- Marcus Garvey to Ethel Collins
- Marcus Garvey to Sidney Dalrymple1
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Editorial in the Chattanooga News
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to Zebedee Green
- Article in the Baltimore Afro-American
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to Robert Malone1
- Article in the Negro World
- Marcus Garvey to the Egyptian Nationalist Party1
- Marcus Garvey to Zebedee Green
- Marcus Garvey to Zebedee Green
- William Pickens to the New Republic
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to J. J. Peters
- Negro World Notice
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to Leonard Smith
- Marcus Garvey to J. A. Craigen
- James Green to President Calvin Coolidge
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to J. J. Peters
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- Marcus Garvey to Zebedee Green
- Marcus Garvey to J. A. Craigen
- Marcus Garvey to Norton G. Thomas
- Marcus Garvey to J. Hamilton Kent1
- Marcus Garvey to William Evans1
- Marcus Garvey to Fred A. Toote
- Marcus Garvey to J. A. Craigen
- Marcus Garvey to E. B. Knox
- ARTICLE IN THE NEW YORK AMSTERDAM NEWS
- James Finch to Armin Kohn
- Amy Jacques Garvey to Marcus Garvey
- Marcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- arcus Garvey to Amy Jacques Garvey
- Negro World Notice
- Recommendation by James Finch
- John Sargent to President Calvin Coolidge
- Commutation of Sentence
- James Finch to Harry E. Hull
- James Finch to John W. Snook
- W. A. Wallace to President Calvin Coolidge
- James Finch to John Sargent
- G. Emonei Carter to President Calvin Coolidge
- Notice of Discharge of Marcus Garvey from Atlanta Federal Penitentiary
- Garvey Supporters to President Calvin Coolidge
- Special Message by Marcus Garvey
- Editorial Letter by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World
- Robe Carl White,1 Assistant Secretary of Labor, to John Sargent
- APPEN DIXES
- APPENDIX I
- APPENDIX II
- APPENDIX III
- INDEX