Biology and Pathology of the Oocyte

Role in Fertility, Medicine and Nuclear Reprograming

Alan Trounson, Roger Gosden, Ursula Eichenlaub-Ritter

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Year: 2013
• Print ISBN:
  9781107021907
• eBook ISBN:
  9781107453845
• Edition: 2
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Gynecology, Obstetrics & Midwifery

The human egg - the rarest and most rapidly aging cell in the body - is a topic of intense scientific study. Assisted reproduction clinics are constantly vying to improve success rates - choosing the best gametes is a key step in this process. This new edition of what one reviewer of the first edition described as 'possibly the definitive work on the oocyte' covers the development, biology and pathology of the oocyte, and technologies to manipulate, enhance and control fertility. These technologies are used to overcome infertility, avoid inherited diseases, and create genetically engineered embryos from stem cells and cloning. This progress would have been impossible without the myriad of scientific and technical developments covered in this book. The new edition is thoroughly updated and includes major new research on reprogramming, oocyte molecular development, cryopreservation and viability. We are in exciting times for the egg.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half title
• Title
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contents
• Contributor affiliations
• Preface
• 1 Insights into the amphibian egg to understand the mammalian oocyte
• 2 Ontogeny of the mammalian ovary
• 3 Gene networks in oocyte meiosis
• 4 Follicle formation and oocyte death
• 5 The early stages of follicular growth
• 6 Follicle and oocyte developmental dynamics
• 7 Mouse models to identify genes throughout oogenesis
• 8 Structural basis for oocyte-granulosa cell interactions
• 9 Differential gene expression mediated by oocyte-granulosa cell communication
• 10 Hormones and growth factors in the regulation of oocyte maturation
• 11 Getting into and out of oocyte maturation
• 12 Chromosome behavior and spindle formation in mammalian oocytes
• 13 Transcription, accumulation, storage, recruitment, and degradation of maternal mRNA in mammalian oocytes
• 14 Setting the stage for fertilization: transcriptome and maternal factors
• 15 Egg activation: initiation and decoding of Ca2+ signaling
• 16 In vitro growth and differentiation of oocytes
• 17 Metabolism of the follicle and oocyte in vivo and in vitro
• 18 Improving oocyte maturation in vitro
• 19 Human genes modulating primordial germ cell and gamete formation
• 20 In vitro differentiation of germ cells from stem cells
• 21 Parthenogenesis and parthenogenetic stem cells
• 22 Epigenetic consequences of somatic cell nuclear transfer and induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming
• 23 Primate and human somatic cell nuclear transfer
• 24 Gene expression in human oocytes
• 25 Omics as tools for oocyte selection
• 26 The legacy of mitochondrial DNA
• 27 Relative contribution of advanced age and reduced follicle pool size on reproductive success
• 28 Cellular origin of age-related aneuploidy in mammalian oocytes
• 29 Alterations in the gene expression of aneuploid oocytes and associated cumulus cells
• 30 Transgenerational risks by exposure in utero
• 31 Obesity and oocyte quality
• 32 Safety of ovarian stimulation
• 33 Oocyte epigenetics and the risks for imprinting disorders associated with assisted reproduction
• 34 Genetic basis for primary ovarian insufficiency
• 35 Polar body screening for aneuploidy in human oocytes
• 36 Cryopreservation of oocytes
• 37 Transplantation of ovarian tissue or immature oocytes to preserve and restore fertility in humans
• Index