Science and Medicine in Dialogue

Thinking through Particulars and Universals

Roger Bibace, James Laird, Kenneth Noller, Jaan Valsiner, Roger Bibace, James Laird, Kenneth Noller, Jaan Valsiner

• Publisher: Praeger
• Year: 2005
• Print ISBN:
  9780275978723
• eBook ISBN:
  9780313057366
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: General Health

How does a doctor or therapist bridge the gap between particulars and generalizations regarding patients and various phenomena or diseases? The authors of this volume illustrate the multiple ways practitioners in the fields of clinical psychology and medicine address the tension between the universal nature of scientific knowledge and its particular applications. They discuss the fact that some decisions, if made erroneously, have impacts that cannot be reversed. An error in the realms of medicine, ecology, peace, and war brings with it psychological strategies that differ from those a practitioner faces where errors are correctable.

How does a doctor or therapist bridge the gap between particulars and generalizations regarding patients and various phenomena or diseases? The authors of this volume illustrate the multiple ways practitioners in the fields of clinical psychology and medicine address the tension between the universal nature of scientific knowledge and its particular applications. They discuss the fact that some decisions, if made erroneously, have impacts that cannot be reversed. An error in the realms of medicine, ecology, peace, and war brings with it psychological strategies that differ from those a practitioner faces where errors are correctable.

The disciplines of psychology and medicine have two shared goals. The first is that both disciplines seek a basic understanding about how human beings exist in their ordinary biological and psychological worlds and the second is the attempt to describe and treat disruptions of each person's healthy state of being. Therefore, the four coeditors uncover areas of mutual interest between the two disciplines and the basis for the conflicts that have arisen in their fields.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• CONTENTS
• ILLUSTRATIONS
• SERIES PREFACE
• UNIVERSALS AND PARTICULARS IN THE PRACTICES OF PSYCHOLOGY AND MEDICINE: ENTERING A DIALOGUE
• Part I: BETWEEN GENERALITIES AND PARTICULARS: AVAILABILITY OF COGNITIVE HEURISTICS
• Chapter 1: FAST AND FRUGAL HEURISTICS IN MEDICAL DECISION MAKING
• Chapter 2: PROMOTING PREVENTION AND DETECTION: PSYCHOLOGICALLY TAILORING AND FRAMING MESSAGES ABOUT HEALTH
• Chapter 3: HEALTH CARE RISK ESCALATORS
• Part II: DIALOGICALITY WITHIN MEDICAL PRACTICE: GENERALIZED KNOWLEDGE AND INDIVIDUALIZED DECISIONS
• Chapter 4: A QUALITATIVE APPROACH TO HEALTH RISK MANAGEMENT
• Chapter 5: UNDERSTANDING THE RESULTS OF MEDICAL TESTS: WHY THE REPRESENTATION OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION MATTERS
• Chapter 6: THE CENTRALITY OF THE CLINICIAN: A VIEW OF MEDICINE FROM THE GENERAL TO THE PARTICULAR
• Chapter 7: A NO-FAULT LEARNING PROGRAM (NFLP) AS LIFELONG LEARNING
• Chapter 8: ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES RELATED TO OUTCOMES IN SENSORY-DRIVEN MEDICAL PROCEDURES
• Chapter 9: EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE: QUANTITATIVELY MOVING FROM THE UNIVERSAL TO THE PARTICULAR
• Part III: LAYPERSONS ENCOUNTERING MEDICAL PRACTICE: PERSONAL DECISIONS UNDER UNCERTAINTY
• Chapter 10: SEEKING HEALTH CARE: PRACTICAL STEPS TAKEN BY A WOMAN IN AN IMMIGRATION CONTEXT
• Chapter 11: MEANING AND DECISION MAKING PROCESSES ABOUT HEALTH ISSUES: TOWARD A QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGY OF INVESTIGATION
• Chapter 12: GENERIC DISEASE AND PARTICULAR LIVES: A SYSTEMIC AND DYNAMIC APPROACH TO CHILDHOOD CANCER
• Part IV: FROM THE DIALOGUE BETWEE NUNIVERSALS AND PARTICULARS TO NEW METHODOLOGY
• Chapter 13: A MICROGENETIC DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE ON STATISTICS AND MEASUREMENT
• Chapter 14: DECISION MAKING WITH INCOMPLETE INFORMATION: SYSTEMIC AND NONSYSTEMIC WAYS OF THINKING IN PSYCHOLOGY AND MEDICINE
• Chapter 15: LISTENING IS NOT HEARING: IMPROVING DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY IN CARDIAC AUSCULTATION
• Part V: FROM QUESTIONS TO ANSWERS: THE MICROCOSM OF PARTICIPATION
• Chapter 16: RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION: EXAMINING PROCESS IN RESEARCH RELATIONSHIPS
• Chapter 17: WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A RESEARCHER ASKS A QUESTION?
• Chapter 18: DIVERSITY IN UNITY: STANDARD QUESTIONS AND NONSTANDARD INTERPRETATIONS
• INDEX
• ABOUT THE EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS