Dolia

The Containers That Made Rome an Empire of Wine

Caroline Cheung

• Publisher: Princeton University Press
• Year: 2024
• Print ISBN: 9780691243016, 9780691243009
• eBook ISBN: 9780691242996
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: Roman Ancient History
• Index: History

The story of the Roman Empire’s enormous wine industry told through the remarkable ceramic storage and shipping containers that made it possible

The average resident of ancient Rome drank two-hundred-and-fifty liters of wine a year, almost a bottle a day, and the total annual volume of wine consumed in the imperial capital would have overflowed the Pantheon. But Rome was too densely developed and populated to produce its own food, let alone wine. How were the Romans able to get so much wine? The key was the dolium—the ancient world’s largest type of ceramic wine and food storage and shipping container, some of which could hold as much as two-thousand liters. In Dolia, classicist and archaeologist Caroline Cheung tells the story of these vessels—from their emergence and evolution to their major impact on trade and their eventual disappearance.

Drawing on new archaeological discoveries and unpublished material, Dolia uncovers the industrial and technological developments, the wide variety of workers and skills, and the investments behind the Roman wine trade. As the trade expanded, potters developed new techniques to build large, standardized dolia for bulk fermentation, storage, and shipment. Dolia not only determined the quantity of wine produced but also influenced its quality, becoming the backbone of the trade. As dolia swept across the Mediterranean and brought wine from the far reaches of the empire to the capital’s doorstep, these vessels also drove economic growth—from rural vineyards and ceramic workshops to the wine shops of Rome.

Placing these unique containers at the center of the story, Dolia is a groundbreaking account of the Roman Empire’s Mediterranean-wide wine industry.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Contents
• List of Illustrations
• List of Tables
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Abbreviations
• 1. Food Storage, Containers, Empire
• 2. Building Big: A New Craft Industry
• 3. Dolia on the Farm: Conspicuous Production and Storage
• 4. Dolia Abroad: Innovations in Transport
• 5. Dolia in Iberia and Gaul
• 6. Dolia in Urbe: Expanding Urban Storage and Consumption
• 7. Mending Costly Investments
• 8. From Valued to Trash: The Disappearance of Dolia
• 9. Dolia: The Storage Container of the Roman Empire
• Guide to the Appendixes
• Appendix 1. Tables
• Appendix 2. Descriptions of Select Dolia
• References
• Index