Genome Stability

From Virus to Human Application

Igor Kovalchuk, Olga Kovalchuk

• Publisher: Academic Press
• Year: 2021
• Print ISBN: 9780323856799
• eBook ISBN: 9780323856805
• Edition: 2
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Genetics in Medicine
• Index: Biological Sciences

Genome Stability: From Virus to Human Application, Second Edition, a volume in the Translational Epigenetics series, explores how various species maintain genome stability and genome diversification in response to environmental factors. Here, across thirty-eight chapters, leading researchers provide a deep analysis of genome stability in DNA/RNA viruses, prokaryotes, single cell eukaryotes, lower multicellular eukaryotes, and mammals, examining how epigenetic factors contribute to genome stability and how these species pass memories of encounters to progeny. Topics also include major DNA repair mechanisms, the role of chromatin in genome stability, human diseases associated with genome instability, and genome stability in response to aging. This second edition has been fully revised to address evolving research trends, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing; conventional versus transgenic genome instability; breeding and genetic diseases associated with abnormal DNA repair; RNA and extrachromosomal DNA; cloning, stem cells, and embryo development; programmed genome instability; and conserved and divergent features of repair. This volume is an essential resource for geneticists, epigeneticists, and molecular biologists who are looking to gain a deeper understanding of this rapidly expanding field, and can also be of great use to advanced students who are looking to gain additional expertise in genome stability. - A deep analysis of genome stability research from various kingdoms, including epigenetics and transgenerational effects - Provides comprehensive coverage of mechanisms utilized by different organisms to maintain genomic stability - Contains applications of genome instability research and outcomes for human disease - Features all-new chapters on evolving areas of genome stability research, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing, RNA and extrachromosomal DNA, programmed genome instability, and conserved and divergent features of repair

Table of contents

• Genome Stability
• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contributors
• Chapter 1 Genome stability: An evolutionary perspective
• Chapter 2 Genetic instability of RNA viruses
• Chapter 3 Genome instability in DNA viruses
• Chapter 4 Genome instability in bacteria and archaea: Strategies for maintaining genome stability☆☆ Adapted from chapter “Genome Instability in Bacteria and Archaea: Strategies for Maintaining Genome Stability,” first edition, written by J.-E. Messling and A.B. Williams.
• Chapter 5 Genome instability in bacteria: Causes and consequencesaaAdopted from chapter “Genome instability in bacteria: causes and consequences”, first edition, written by Ashley B. Williams.
• Chapter 6 CRISPR – Bacterial immune system
• Chapter 7 From micronucleus to macronucleus: Programmed DNA rearrangement in ciliates is regulated by non-coding RNA molecules☆
• Chapter 8 Homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining repair in yeast
• Chapter 9 Meiotic and mitotic recombination: First in flies
• Chapter 10 Genome stability in Drosophila: Mismatch repair and genome stability
• Chapter 11 Genome stability in Caenorhabditis elegans☆
• Chapter 12 Plant genome stability—General mechanisms
• Chapter 13 Genetic engineering in plants using CRISPRs
• Chapter 14 Cell cycle control and DNA-damage signaling in mammals
• Chapter 15 The role of p53/p21/p16 in DNA damage signaling and DNA repair
• Chapter 16 Roles of RAD18 in DNA replication and post-replication repair (PRR)** Adapted from previous edition prepared by Cyrus Vaziri, Satoshi Tateishi, Liz Mutter-Rottmayer and Yanzhe Gao.
• Chapter 17 Base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair
• Chapter 18 DNA mismatch repair in mammals
• Chapter 19 Repair of double-strand breaks by nonhomologous end joining; Its components and their function
• Chapter 20 Homologous recombination in mammalian cells: From molecular mechanisms to pathology
• Chapter 21 Telomere maintenance and genome stability
• Chapter 22 Chromatin, nuclear organization and genome stability in mammals
• Chapter 23 Role of DNA methylation in genome stability☆☆ Dan Zhou and Keith D. Robertson are the authors of the original article published in the first edition.
• Chapter 24 Non-coding RNAs in genome integrity
• Chapter 25 Human diseases associated with genome instability☆☆ Original article in the 1st edition was prepared by Bruno César Feltes, Joice de Faria Poloni, Kendi Nishino Miyamoto, and Diego Bonatto.
• Chapter 26 Cancer and genomic instability☆
• Chapter 27 Epigenetic regulation of the cell cycle & DNA-repair in cancer
• Chapter 28 Genomic instability and aging: Causes and consequences
• Chapter 29 The DNA damage response and neurodegeneration: Highlighting the role of the nucleolus in genome (in)stability☆
• Chapter 30 Diet and nutrition
• Chapter 31 Chemical carcinogens and their effect on genome and epigenome stability
• Chapter 32 Modern sources of environmental ionizing radiation exposure and associated health consequences
• Chapter 33 Sins of fathers through a scientific lens: Transgenerational effects
• Chapter 34 Radiation and chemical induced genomic instability as a driver for environmental evolution
• Chapter 35 Transgenerational genome instability in plants
• Chapter 36 Methods for the detection of DNA damage
• Chapter 37 Conserved and divergent features of DNA repair. Future perspectives in genome stability research
• Chapter 38 Off-target effects in genome editing
• Index
• Index - Continued