To Detain or to Punish
Magistrates and the Making of the London Prison System, 1750–1840
- 296 pages
- English
- ePUB (mobile friendly)
- Available on iOS & Android
About this book
Imprisonment was rarely used as punishment in Britain before 1800. The criminal justice system was based on terror and deterrence, sentencing convicts to the gallows at home and transportation overseas, with prisons serving primarily as holding spaces for the accused until the case against them was resolved. A major shift began in the late eighteenth century when imprisonment became an end in itself: a means to reform as well as to discipline criminal offenders.
To Detain or to Punish revisits this revolutionary moment as it played out in the metropolis of London. Kiran Mehta charts how Londoners, through their interactions with police, magistrates, and judges, became prisoners, and then follows them into the prison, revealing how these institutions were managed and experienced. Local authorities' increased use of imprisonment, for punishment as well as for detention, sparked the wholesale reconstruction and redesign of London's prison estate. It also spurred the consolidation of the modern notion that prisoners who had not yet been convicted of a crime, or who had not been sentenced to imprisonment, should be held separately from and treated differently to those incarcerated for punishment. Most notably, the requirement to labour became a distinguishing feature of punitive confinement.
Challenging traditional ideas about who and what prisons were for and how they operated, To Detain or to Punish offers a radical reappraisal of London's prison system between 1750 and 1840.
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Information
Table of contents
- Cover Page
- Title Page
- Copyright
- Contents
- Tables and Figures
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- Introduction: Imprisonment in the “Nation of Liberty”
- Chapter One: Becoming Prisoners: Locking People Up in Eighteenth- and Early-Nineteenth-Century London
- Chapter Two: Specialization, Labour, and Punishment
- Chapter Three: Ideologies of Reform and Realities of Pre-Reform Prisons
- Chapter Four: The Practice of Reform
- Chapter Five: The Rise of Imprisonment, 1815–50
- Chapter Six: An Age of Prison Improvements: Reform and Discipline
- Conclusion: Specialization or Uniformity
- Notes
- Bibliography of Manuscript and Archival Sources
- Index