Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars
eBook - PDF

Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars

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  1. 167 pages
  2. English
  3. PDF
  4. Available on iOS & Android
eBook - PDF

Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars

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About this book

Recent spacecraft and robotic probes to Mars have yielded data that are changing our understanding significantly about the possibility of existing or past life on that planet. Coupled with advances in biology and life-detection techniques, these developments place increasing importance on the need to protect Mars from contamination by Earth-borne organisms. To help with this effort, NASA requested that the NRC examine existing planetary protection measures for Mars and recommend changes and further research to improve such measures. This report discusses policies, requirements, and techniques to protect Mars from organisms originating on Earth that could interfere with scientific investigations. It provides recommendations on cleanliness and biological burden levels of Mars-bound spacecraft, methods to reach those levels, and research to reduce uncertainties in preventing forward contamination of Mars.

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Information

Publisher
National Academies Press
Year
2006
eBook ISBN
9780309652629
Edition
0
Topic
Physical Sciences

Table of contents

  1. FrontMatter
  2. Preface
  3. Acknowledgment of Reviewers
  4. Contents
  5. Executive Summary
  6. 1 Introduction
  7. 2 Policies and Practices in Planetary Protection
  8. 3 Future Mars Exploration: The Rolling Wave
  9. 4 Environments on Mars Relative to Life
  10. 5 Expanding Our Knowledge of the Limits of Life on Earth
  11. 6 Advances in Technologies for Life Detection and Bioburden Reduction
  12. 7 Assessing Nonliving Contaminants of Concern
  13. 8 A Path Forward for Planetary Protection in the 21st Century
  14. 9 Transition Process and Time Line
  15. Appendixes
  16. A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff
  17. B Recommendations from Two Previous NRC Reports on Forward Contamination
  18. C Summary of Procedures Currently Used to Assess Bioburden in Spacecraft Assembly Clean Rooms and on Spacecraft
  19. D History of Recommended Values for Probability of Growth
  20. E Approaches to Bioburden Reduction for Lander Missions to Mars
  21. F Ambiguities in Geomorphic Interpretation: Martian Gullies
  22. G Spacecraft Propellant and By-Products as Potential Contaminants
  23. H Acronyms and Abbreviations