Articles on Environment and Human Health

Laljee Verma

• Publisher: GRIN Verlag
• Year: 2017
• eBook ISBN: 9783668576667
• Edition: 0
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Public Health, Administration & Care

Table of contents

• EGOCENTRIC TO ECO-CENTRIC
• HEALTH INEQUALITY & SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
• MANAGING HOSPITAL WSTE IS DIFFICULT. HOW DIFFICULT?
• By and large the governments and the health care providers have gone in for one type of option for treatment of the waste. No health care provider wants or has undertaken a base line survey to collect data regarding quantum of waste and its type being...
• In India, there are about o.6 million hospital beds, over 23,000 Primary Health Centers, thousands of registered nursing homes, countless unregistered nursing homes and dispensaries, and above all a very large number of quacks practicing at every nook...
• It must be appreciated that a proper hospital waste management system is systemic and not an exercise to find ‘end of pipe line’ solution. There is no doubt that successful implementation would grossly reduce the morbidity in the society by reduction ...
• The Msw Rules – 2000 clearly spells out the responsibility on the part of the municipal corporations/ civic bodies such as Panchyats etc, and the individual citizen. Some of the responsibility on the part of the municipal authorities etc is illust...
• Admittedly the infected waste has to be dealt with differently, but why responsibilities like: a) to prohibit littering on the roads and any area outside the premises of the health care facility, and b) to conduct awareness programs cannot be assigned...
• Initially due to public awareness and court’s interventions orders were passed that any health care facility having more than 50 beds were required to have incinerator as incinerators were thought to be the final answer to the problem of biomedical wa...
• Basing disposal only on one type of system in itself is unscientific. Every disposal system has limitation and therefore can handle only few types of waste. No single technology can scientifically take care of all types of hospital waste. In any case ...
• The CAG report (Times of India, Apr 4, 2002) is rather disconcerting. It says many Govt hospitals did not even apply for authorization whereas the corporate private hospitals did. Transportation of the infected waste was by wheelbarrows. No personal p...
• Obviously there is either defiance of rules, or lack of understanding; or sheer callousness.
• Now there is a number of Common Area Facility coming up at different cities. Perhaps moves are afoot in Delhi as well. Would that be an answer? Again transportation of infected waste over long distances will be the most difficult part of the scheme. F...
• Scientifically as well, by the time infected waste is lifted, say by 12 to 48 hours the infection would have already spread by proliferation of the bacterial flora, and aerosolization. Hence spread of nosocomial or hospital acquired infection would ha...
• Infected hospital waste including hazardous waste can be managed only by a system approach utilizing multi-option of technologies. Therefore to lay down the system, a schematic approach is required. This is a stepwise activity, which must be undergone...
• In the whole gamut of infection control, accident reporting and taking remedial measure is rather important and must not be left sight of. Safe handling and safe transportation should be ensured. Audit and periodic re-evaluation would be quite helpfu...
• To the question ‘how difficult’ the situation can be summarized as follows: -
• a) The rules are not clear-cut, and at places; confusing and unscientific.
• b) No agency has been assigned the task of spreading awareness.
• c) Even the decision-makers demonstrate lack of knowledge and confusion.
• d) Stance of the regulatory authorities and those who lay down the policies has been wavering.
• e) There is lack of will to enforce implementation.
• f) There is dichotomy at the top. Min of Env&Forest have promulgated the Rules, but implementation is not within their purview.
• g) There is no agency to advise or guide the health care providers.
• There is an urgent need to rethink on the whole issue. A separate body needs to be created; such as ‘Waste Management Authority of India’ which in order to be effective must be autonomous. This body can take care of solid waste management, a...
• It is true that human suffering is not a core issue for our country. But it must be appreciated that healthier body and mind can contribute to the society much better. Right to life is a fundamental right in the constitution of India. Right...
• -----------Lalji Verma (2004)
• Pollutants & Human Health
• Compromise……….Compromise
• HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT: MISSING LINKS
• Management of biomedical waste received due attention in the developed countries in the late 80s, but such attention was visible in India in the early 90s only, and that too by activism of the NGOs, and intervention by the courts. Draft biomedical Rul...
• The categories of waste prescribed in the Gazette and option for treatment and disposal are confusing. For example cat I & II waste need not have been mentioned separately. The suggested method of disposal remaining the same these two categories could...
• It is unfortunate that healthcare management is not recognized as an occupational hazard in the Indian law. Many other occupation like mining etc which give rise to diseases, are recognized as activities with occupational hazard, but not the health ca...
• The provision of the Factory Act does not apply to the health care provider (5). Hospitals and dispensaries are not within the definition of factories. This may be a correct perception, since hospitals cannot and should not be considered as a factory;...
• In conclusion, therefore it may be said that the Rules and its provision and application need to be seriously debated and amendments made wherever considered necessary. And it is essential to take help from medical professionals having knowledge of th...
• References:
• Hospital Waste Causing Havoc with Human Health
• INJECTION WASTE DISPOSAL IN INDIA
• EFFECTS OF VERMICOMPOSTING ON MICROBIOLOGICAL FLORA OF INFECTED BIOMEDICAL WASTE
• Hospital wastes are hazardous and need to be disinfected before disposal. One out of eleven WHO aided pilot projects on Hospital Waste Management in India during biennium, 1999-2000 was allotted to the Command Hospital, Air Force, Bangalore (CHAFB). P...
• Material and Methods:
• References:
• Human Trafficking and HIV/AIDS
• 9. Thus, it is apparent that:
• i. HIV/AIDS amongst trafficked population is quite high
• ii. A large number of trafficked population are women and girls
• iii. Almost all trafficked women and girls are sexually exploited
• iv. Incidence of HIV is quite high in this group
• v. Each such woman and girl is a source for HIV transmission
• vi. Legal provisions do not really protect them fully
• vii. They are not in a position to ensure preventive measures such as use of condoms
• 14. For effective coordination, interlinking with state units of AIDS prevention, legal and police authorities it may be necessary to form committees:
• Conclusion:
• Case Study: Complaint of Sukhdev Vihar Residents on Health Concerns due to Emission from a nearby Incinerator
• Food Waste Management: An Innovative Approach
• Healthcare in India: The Road Ahead