This book contains an updated discussion of the most relevant theoretical and methodological aspects, as well as the most important findings of biolinguistics. This field of linguistics is specifically concerned with the biological aspects of language. In doing so, the volume takes a timely look at the different angles of biolinguistics research, in particular considering its multidisciplinary, technical, theoretical, and applied approaches. The volume provides a comprehensive, in-depth, and state-of-the-art overview of the biolinguistics quest, bringing together the most outstanding contributions on exciting subfields such as language evolution, language acquisition, neuro- and psycholinguistics, or clinical linguistics.