
Biofouling and Organic Fouling
in Reverse Osmosis Membrane Elements
- English
- ePUB (mobile friendly)
- Available on iOS & Android
About this book
Since the inception of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes in the seventies, biological fouling, also known as biofouling, still remains as the key challenge to get solved so that membranes can run smoothly and without issues in desalination and water treatment plants. Biofouling occurs when certain bacteria attach to the reverse osmosis membranes, and starts building a biofilm. This is a key problem, as if this quickly growing biofilm is not properly taken care of, it can affect the mechanical integrity of the reverse osmosis membrane elements, and damage them irreversibly. Organic fouling occurs when organic matter deposits into the membrane, thus reducing its permeability. Both phenomena are interconnected. This books provides an understanding on why biological fouling occurs, what variables affect its development, and what can be done to mitigate its impact.
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Information
Table of contents
- Title Page
- Copyright
- Contents
- Abstract
- About the author
- Abbreviations
- Aim of this book
- Chapter 1âReverse osmosis fundamentals
- Chapter 2âBiofouling fundamentals
- Chapter 3âMembrane fouling simulators: a quick tool for studying biofouling and why biofouling does not depend on flux
- Chapter 4âThe importance of the feed spacer compared to the membrane in biofouling prevention
- Chapter 5âEffect of temperature and development of quick biofouling test
- Chapter 6âDifferentiating between biofouling and organic fouling during operation
- Chapter 7âDifferentiating between biofouling and organic fouling on a membrane surface
- Chapter 8âBiofouling starts to develop before pressure drop starts to increase
- Chapter 9âBiofouling mainly happens in the lead elements
- Chapter 10âBiocides do not fully prevent biofouling
- Chapter 11âVisualizing biofouling on the membrane surface
- Chapter 12âWhy preventing biofouling matters
- Chapter 13âLimiting nutrients to prevent biofouling in brackish water
- Chapter 14âLimiting nutrients to prevent biofouling in wastewater
- Chapter 15âLimiting nutrients to prevent biofouling in seawater: part 1
- Chapter 16âLimiting nutrients to prevent biofouling in seawater: part 2
- Index