Behavioral Insights for Development

Cases from Central America

Oscar Calvo-González, Laura Zoratto

• Publisher: World Bank Publications
• Year: 2017
• eBook ISBN: 9781464811234
• Edition: 0
• Topic: Social Sciences
• Subtopic: Development Economics
• Index: Social Sciences

Behavioral Insights for Development: Cases from Central America brings together a set of experiences that applied behavioral insights to different areas of public policy—in some cases through randomized control trials, and in others using surveys or behavioral games. These experiences collectively show the promise of public policies that are informed by a better understanding of what drives individual behavior. In Costa Rica, for example, informing households of how much water they consume relative to their neighbors reduced water consumption (chapter 1). In Guatemala, altering the way government communicates with taxpayers increased revenue collection (chapter 2). In Nicaragua, an analysis of a cash transfer program found that children in households receiving benefits exhibited significantly higher cognitive development—a result influenced by parental behavior changes during the program (chapter 3). In El Salvador, we explore how different biases explain the apparent puzzle of a gas subsidy reform that benefited most of the population yet proved to be widely unpopular (chapter 4). Chapter 5 also uses behavioral insights to analyze subsidy reforms in El Salvador, this time using a different methodology: a set of economic behavioral games designed to evaluate the willingness of individuals to accept subsidy reforms that would affect them directly. Finally, chapter 6 reflects on the progress made in applying behavioral insights in a development context. These cases illustrate, in practice, some of the findings of the World Development Report 2015: Mind, Society, and Behavior. In particular, they demonstrate the possibility of using nontraditional tools, complementary to regulation, in contexts where time and resources are limited. The World Bank has since established a Mind, Behavior, and Development (eMBeD) Unit within the Poverty and Equity Global Practice to mainstream and scale up behavioral science in public policies and programs. We hope these experiences will help to inform other practitioners about the potential of applying behavioral insights in a development context and will encourage them to consider such approaches as a complement to traditional policy measures.

Table of contents

• Front Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• About the Editors and Contributors
• Abbreviations
• Overview
• Chapter 1 A Behavioral Approach to Water Conservation: Evidence from Costa Rica
• Chapter 2 Promoting Tax Compliance in Guatemala Using Behavioral Economics: Evidence from Two Randomized Trials
• Chapter 3 Enhancing Child Development through Changes to Parental Behaviors: Using Conditional Cash Transfers in Nicaragua
• Chapter 4 When Winners Feel Like Losers: Evidence from an Energy Subsidy Reform
• Chapter 5 Redistribution in Times of Fiscal Pressure: Using Games to Inform a Subsidy Reform in El Salvador
• Chapter 6 Lessons Learned from Implementing Behaviorally Informed Pilots
• Boxes
• Back Cover