Sharing Knowledge, Shaping Europe

US Technological Collaboration and Nonproliferation

John Krige, Jed Z. Buchwald

• Publisher: The MIT Press
• Year: 2016
• eBook ISBN: 9780262336406
• Edition: 0
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: International Relations
• Index: Technology & Engineering

In the 1950s and the 1960s, U.S. administrations were determined to prevent Western European countries from developing independent national nuclear weapons programs. To do so, the United States attempted to use its technological pre-eminence as a tool of "soft power" to steer Western European technological choices toward the peaceful uses of the atom and of space, encouraging options that fostered collaboration, promoted nonproliferation, and defused challenges to U.S. technological superiority. In Sharing Knowledge, Shaping Europe, John Krige describes these efforts and the varying degrees of success they achieved.

Krige explains that the pursuit of scientific and technological leadership, galvanized by America's Cold War competition with the Soviet Union, was also used for techno-political collaboration with major allies. He examines a series of multinational arrangements involving shared technological platforms and aimed at curbing nuclear proliferation, and he describes the roles of the Department of State, the Atomic Energy Commission, and NASA. To their dismay, these agencies discovered that the use of technology as an instrument of soft power was seriously circumscribed, by internal divisions within successive administrations and by external opposition from European countries. It was successful, Krige argues, only when technological leadership was embedded in a web of supportive "harder" power structures.

Table of contents

• Series Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Acknowledgements
• Primary Sources
• Introduction
• Chapter 1: The United States and the Promotion of Euratom, 1955–56: Integration as an Instrument of Nuclear Non-Proliferation
• Chapter 2: The United States and Euratom, 1957–58: Constructing a Joint Program for Nuclear Power
• Chapter 3: “A Substantial Sop,” or “Positive Disarmament”? Johnson, Erhard, and Bilateral Space Collaboration
• Chapter 4: Integration and the Non-Proliferation of Ballistic Missiles: The United States, the United Kingdom, and ELDO, 1966
• Chapter 5: Classification, Collaboration, and Competition: US-UK Relationships in Gas-Centrifuge Uranium Enrichment in the 1960s
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Index