Toward a Small Data Archaeology

Otomí, Aztec Imperial, and Spanish Colonial Xaltocan, Mexico

Lisa Overholtzer

• Publisher: University Press of Colorado
• Year: 2025
• Print ISBN: 9781646427499
• eBook ISBN: 9781646427505
• Topic: Social Sciences
• Subtopic: Archaeology
• Index: Social Sciences

Toward a Small Data Archaeology presents an interpretive and methodological framework—a "small data" archaeology—elucidated through a case study at Xaltocan, Mexico. Aligned closely with Indigenous feminist principles by engaging directly with descendant communities that resist abstract, large-scale syntheses and instead emphasize deep, localized understanding of ancestral lives intertwined with their landscapes, this framework repositions archaeological inquiry by focusing on individual household contexts. Drawing on diverse lines of evidence from molecular archaeology and geochemistry to Bayesian statistics, Lisa Overholtzer uncovers the detailed social identities, economic practices, and ritual behaviors that defined everyday life in Xaltocan.

Xaltocan served as the Otomí city-state capital before being conquered by the Tepanecs, subsequently incorporated into the Aztec Empire, and finally integrated into the vast Spanish colonial sphere. In reconstructing long-term household histories that bridge the pre-Hispanic and early Colonial periods, this book resists narratives that define Indigenous peoples solely through the lens of conquest and subordination. Instead, it presents richly detailed reconstructions of familial relationships and social networks, achieved through the rigorous analysis of artifacts, ecofacts, human remains, and ancient DNA. This meticulous and community-collaborative approach not only maximizes insights available from a limited archaeological record but also honors the ethical imperative to work with descendant communities.
 
Toward a Small Data Archaeology offers an innovative reexamination of the past by privileging the intricate, household-level narratives of Indigenous communities over the homogenizing tendencies of broad-scale "big data" approaches. By peopling the past, Overholtzer redefines methodological boundaries within archaeology, produces reconstructions and narratives that are more in line with Indigenous philosophies, and offers a compelling vision for a future in which historical narratives are reconstructed through a lens that is both deeply scientific and inherently humane.
 

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Contents
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• Acknowledgments
• 1. Toward a “Small Data” Archaeology: Peopling the Past Through a Data-Intensive, Indigenous Feminist Household Archaeology
• 2. Situating Ancestral Household Practice at Xaltocan, Mexico
• 3. Making Family in Empire: Tracing the Tlacamecayotl (Rope of People) of the Structure 122 Silenced Ancestors
• 4. Consuming in Empire: Ceramic Consumption, Social-Economic Networks, and the Making of Self
• 5. Feasting in Empire: A Social and Sensorial Household Journey
• 6. Flourishing in Empire: Indigenous Ceramic “Possible Futures” at Colonial Xaltocan
• 7. Conclusion
• References Cited
• Index
• About the Author