First published in 1970, America Against Poverty explores America's "War on Poverty," declared by President Johnson in the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 and continued under President Nixon's administration. Edward James highlights that this "war" represents only a small part of America's broader effort to lift a fifth of its population out of poverty. He connects this initiative to the larger struggle and the strategies that have shaped it, emphasizing that these strategies can only be fully understood within their uniquely American context. The book offers valuable insights into the relationship between social policy and the society in which it is formed.
The narrative begins by examining the key features of American society most relevant to the issue of poverty, including an analysis of what poverty means in the world's wealthiest nation. It then delves into the state of social services in 1964 and America's rediscovery of poverty during the 1960s. The author provides a detailed account of major anti-poverty measures, with particular focus on the Economic Opportunity Act. Special attention is given to the Community Action Program launched under this Act, including an in-depth analysis of its implementation in a major city, alongside comparative studies in a large metropolis and a remote rural area.
In conclusion, James reflects on the future direction of American social policy and considers the relevance of American approaches—especially community action—to the challenges faced by welfare states elsewhere. This book serves as an essential historical reference for students and scholars of public policy, public administration, social administration, and political science.