Deep Time Dreaming
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Deep Time Dreaming

Uncovering Ancient Australia

Billy Griffiths

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eBook - ePub

Deep Time Dreaming

Uncovering Ancient Australia

Billy Griffiths

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About This Book

Soon after Billy Griffiths joins his first archaeological dig as camp manager and cook, he is hooked. Equipped with a historian's inquiring mind, he embarks on a journey through time, seeking to understand the extraordinary deep history of the Australian continent. Deep Time Dreaming is the passionate product of that journey. In this original, important book, Griffiths investigates a twin revolution: the reassertion of Aboriginal identity in the second half of the twentieth century, and the simultaneous uncovering of the traces of ancient Australia by pioneering archaeologists. Deep Time Dreaming is about a slow shift in national consciousness. It explores what it means to live in a place of great antiquity, with its complex questions of ownership and identity. It brings to life the deep time dreaming that has changed the way many Australians relate to their continent and its enduring, dynamic human history. When John Mulvaney began his fieldwork in January 1956, it was widely believed that the first Australians had arrived on this continent only a few thousand years earlier. In the decades since, Australian history has been pushed back into the dizzying expanse of deep time. The human presence here has been revealed to be more ancient than that of Europe, and the Australian landscape, far from being terra nullius, is now recognised to be cultural as much as natural, imprinted with stories and law and shaped by the hands and firesticks of thousands of generations of Indigenous men and women. The New World has become the Old ā€¦ Billy Griffiths is the author of The China Breakthrough and co-editor with Mike Smith of The Australian Archaeologist's Book of Quotations. He is a research fellow at the Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation.

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Information

Publisher
Black Inc.
Year
2018
ISBN
9781743820384
Endnotes
INTRODUCTION: THE OLD WORLD
1 Rachel Perkins, A Rightful Place: Correspondence, Quarterly Essay 56 (Melbourne: Black Inc., 2014), 82ā€“86, 82.
2 Robert Pulleine, ā€˜The Tasmanians and Their Stone-Cultureā€™, Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science 19 (1928), 294ā€“314, 310.
3 John McPhee, Annals of the Former World (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998), 90.
4 Alistair Paterson, A Millennium of Cultural Contact (Walnut Creek: Left Coast, 2011).
5 This sentence paraphrases David Frankelā€™s words in Remains to Be Seen: Archaeological Insights into Australian Prehistory (Melbourne: Longman Cheshire, 1991), vii.
6 This is the first overview of Australian Aboriginal archaeology that has been written by someone outside the field, which makes it an explicitly cross-disciplinary endeavour. There has been a range of bigger-picture studies on the history of Aboriginal archaeology, such as David Hortonā€™s edited collection of documents, Tim Murrayā€™s work on the changing philosophies and methodologies in archaeology and Stephanie Moserā€™s research on the fieldā€™s disciplinary culture. More recently, Sarah Colley, Hilary Du Cros and Laurajane Smith have explored the practice, politics and ethics of Australian archaeology, teasing out the questions and ideas that have arisen from heritage debates and the struggles of Indigenous peoples for ownership and control of their land, cultural materials and ancestral remains. See, for example, David Horton, Recovering the Tracks: The Story of Australian Archaeology (Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press, 1991); Tim Murray (ed.), Archaeology from Australia (Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2004); Stephanie Moser, ā€˜The Aboriginalisation of Archaeology: The Contribution of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies to the Indigenous Transformation of the Disciplineā€™, in Peter J Ucko (ed.), Theory in Archaeology: A World Perspective (London: Routledge, 1995), 150ā€“177; Sarah Colley, Uncovering Australia: Archaeology, Indigenous People and the Public (Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin, 2002); Hilary du Cros, Much More Than Stones and Bones: Australian Archaeology in the Late Twentieth Century (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2002) and Laurajane Smith, The Uses of Heritage (London: Routledge, 2006).
7 Hilary du Cros, ā€˜Popular Notions of Australian Archaeologyā€™, Journal of Australian Studies 23(62) (1999), 190ā€“97, 192.
8 Nicholas Jose, The Custodians (Sydney: Macmillan, 1997), 354.
9 Rosalind in William Shakespeare, As You Like It (New York: Penguin Books, 2000), 4:1:83ā€“4; James Ussher, The Annals of the World (London: E Tyler, 1658), 12. The discovery of deep time is explored in Martin JS Rudwick, Earthā€™s Deep History: How It Was Discovered and Why It Matters (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014); Clive Gamble and Theodora Moutsiou, ā€˜The Time Revolution of 1859 and the Stratification of the Primeval Mindā€™, Notes and Records of The Royal Society 65(1) (2011), 43ā€“63.
10 McPhee coined the term in Basin and Range, the first book in his five-volume geological history of North America, which was published as Annals of the Former World (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998).
11 Paul Crutzen and Will Steffen, ā€˜How Long Have We Been in the Anthropocene Era?ā€™, Climatic Change 61(3) (2003), 251ā€“57; Alison Bashford, ā€˜The Anthropocene is Modern History: Reflections on Climate and Australian Deep Timeā€™, Australian Historical Studies 44(3) (2013), 341ā€“49.
12 John Mulvaney, ā€˜Archaeological Retrospect 9ā€™, Antiquity 60(229) (1986), 96ā€“107, 104.
13 Tim Winton, Island Home: A Landscape Memoir (Melbourne: Hamish Hamilton, 2015), 28ā€“29.
14 Jim Bowler, ā€˜Perceptions of Australia: Towards Cultural Integrationā€™, 27 Oct 1992, John Mulvaney Papers, National Library of Australia, MS 9615/1/40, Box 5.
15 Emphasis in original. WEH Stanner, ā€˜The Dreaming (1953)ā€™, The Dreaming & Other Essays (Melbourne: Black Inc. Agenda, 2009), 57ā€“72, 58.
16 Bill Gammage, The Biggest Estate on Earth: How Aborigines Made Australia (Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin, 2011), 123.
17 Patrick Wolfe, ā€˜On Being Woken Up: The Dreamtime in Anthropology and in Australian Settler Cultureā€™, Comparative Studies in Society and History 33(2) (Apr 1991), 197ā€“224, 199.
18 Howard Morphy, ā€˜Empiricism to Metaphysics: In Defence of the Concept of the Dreamtimeā€™, in Tim Bonyhady and Tom Griffiths (eds), Prehistory to Politics: John Mulvaney, the Humanities and the Public Intellectual (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1996), 163ā€“89, 187.
19 These are the words used by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd in his apology to the Stolen Generations in 2008. Kevin Rudd, ā€˜Apology to Australiaā€™s Indigenous Peoplesā€™, Parliament of Australia, House of Representatives, 13 Feb 2008.
20 See Ian J McNiven and Lynette Russell, Appropriated Pasts: Indigenous Peoples and the Colonial Culture of Archaeology (Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press, 2005).
ONE Explorers in an Ancient Land: John Mulvaney at Frommā€™s Landing
1 Newstead, as quoted in Martin Thomas, The Artificial Horizon...

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