Crusader Landscapes in the Medieval Levant

The Archaeology and History of the Latin East

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• Publisher: University of Wales Press
• Year: 2016
• Print ISBN: 9781783169245
• eBook ISBN: 9781783169269
• Edition: 1
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: European Medieval History
• Index: History

Written to celebrate the prestigious career of Professor Denys Pringle, this collection of articles produced by many of the leading archaeologists and historians in the field of crusades studies offers a compilation of pioneering scholarship on recent studies on the Latin East. The geographical breadth of topics discussed in each chapter reflects both Pringle's international collaborations and research interests, and the wide development of scholarly interest in the subject. With a concentration on the areas corresponding to the crusader states during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the articles also offer research into the neighbouring areas of Cyprus, Anatolia, Greece and the West, and the legacy of the crusader period there, with results from recent archaeological fieldwork in the Middle East.

NOTES

1. JERUSALEM’S TWO MONTES GAUDII

1 D. Pringle, The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. A Corpus, ii (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993–2009), p. 44; the observation develops the argument Père Abel made in a 1931 article that crusade historians had not previously utilised: F.-M. Abel, ‘ʿAttarah et Nasbeh au Moyen Age’, Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society, 11 (1931), pp. 142–3.

2 The position of the main sites mentioned in this contribution is illustrated in Figure 1.1

3 Vita Sancti Dunstani auctore Adelardo, in W. Stubbs (ed.), Memorials of Saint Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury, Rolls Series 63 (London: 1874), p. 57 (also, pp. 96, 185); Thietmar, Chronicon, R. Holtzmann (ed.), MGH Scr. Rer. Germ NS 9 (Berlin: 1935), p. 171; Brunwilarensis monasterii fundatorum actus, c. 10, in MGH SS 14, p. 131; Suger, Vie de Louis le Gros, suivie de l’histoire du roi Louis VII, A. Molinier (ed.) (Paris: 1887), p. 29; William of Malmesbury, Vita Sancti Dunstani, in Memorials of Saint Dunstan, p. 280. For a discussion of these and other sources concerning Rome see B. Z. Kedar, ‘Dimensioni comparative del pellegrinaggio medievale’, in M. Oldoni (ed.), Fra Roma e Gerusalemme nel Medioevo. Paesaggi umani ed ambientali del pellegrinaggio meridionale. Atti del Congresso Internazionale di Studi, Salerno – Cava de’ Tirreni – Ravello, 26–29 ottobre 2000, i (Salerno: Laveglia, 2005), pp. 256–8.

4 Historia Compostellana 1.20, E. F. Rey (ed.), CCCM 70 (Turnhout: Brepols, 1988), p. 46; see also 1.112, pp. 196–7. For further sources see Kedar, ‘Dimensioni’, pp. 259–60.

5 D. Lodge, Therapy (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1996), p. 308. It is through this book that I first became aware of the fact that Jerusalem’s Mons Gaudii is part of a wider phenomenon.

6 Syrus, Vita Sancti Maioli 2.12, in Migne, Patrologia Latina, 137: 760B.

7 Vita Sancti Roberti Molismensis, 13, in Migne, Patrologia Latina, 157: 1286A.

8 For references see Kedar, ‘Dimensioni’, pp. 260–1. Most of the Montes Gaudii discussed in that article were detected with the help of the electronic version of the Patrologia Latina.

9 ‘…sicut etiam apud nos faciunt peregrini, ubi primo vident monasterium ad quod vadunt, ibi constituunt acervum lapidum, et ponunt cruces, et dicitur mons gaudii’. U. de S. Charo cardinalis, Opera omnia, vol. 3: In libros Proverbiorum, Ecclesiastae Canticorum, Sapientiae, Ecclesiastici (Cologne: 1621), p. 57d, s.v. Honorem. The passage was partially utilised by P. Irgoin, ‘Montjoies et oratoires’, Bulletin Monumental, 94 (1935), p. 146.

10 See, for instance, J. Delaville Le Roulx, ‘L’Ordre de Montjoye’, Revue de l’Orient latin, 1 (1893), p. 42 with n. 1; S. Runciman, A History of the Crusades, i (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1951–4), p. 278; H. E. Mayer, ‘Sankt Samuel auf dem Freudenberge und sein Besitz nach einem unbekannten Diplom König Balduins V’, Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken, 44 (1964), pp. 36–7, reprinted in his Kreuzzüge und lateinischer Osten (London: Variorum, 1983), no. VIII; J. Prawer, Histoire du Royaume latin de Jérusalem, Gérard Nahon (trans.), 2nd edn, i (Paris: CNRS Éditions, 1975), p. 222, 667 n. 49; J. Prawer, The History of the Jews in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988), pp. 203–4; J. Gillingham, Richard I (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1999), p. 205. See also V. Guérin, Description géographique, historique et archéologique de la Palestine, 1: Judée, i (Paris: Imprimérie impériale, 1868–9), p. 366. On the site’s pre-crusade history see P. Schwarz, ‘En-nebi Samwil in einer Schilderung bei Mukaddasi’, Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 41, (1918), pp. 157–61; P. Lohmann, ‘Archäologisches von en-nabi samwil’, Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 41, (1918), pp. 145–6; also, Y. Elitzur, ‘The Origin of the Nebi Samwil Tradition’, Cathedra, 31 (April 1984), pp. 75–90 (Hebrew).

11 Bernard of Clairvaux, Ep. 253, in J. Leclercq et al. (eds), S. Bernardi Opera, viii (Rome: Editiones Cistercienses, 1957–77), p. 150; S. Bernardi vita prima auctore Gaufrido, 3.7, in Migne, Patrologia Latina, vol. 185, col. 316B. For a discussion see Mayer, ‘Sankt Samuel’, pp. 37–9; and more recently H. E. Mayer (ed.), Die Urkunden der lateinischen Könige von Jerusalem, MGH Diplomata regum Latinorum Hierosolymitanorum, i (Hanover: 2010), no. *117, pp. 280–1.

12 G. Bresc-Bautier (ed.), Le Cartulaire du chapitre du Saint-Sépulcre de Jérusalem (Paris: Librairie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, 1984), doc. 54, p. 144.

13 For the original edition and discussion of the charter see Mayer, ‘Sankt Samuel’, pp. 35–71; the text is slightly re-edited in Mayer (ed.), Urkunden, no. 453, ii, pp. 773–6. See also nos *118, *147, *183, *197, *198, *231, *267, *366, *369, *370, *445, i, pp. 281–2, 335, 365–6, 380–1, 423, 491–2; ii, pp. 635–6, 638, 756–7.

14 M. Piccirillo, ‘Un sigillo inedito dell’abbazia di San Samuele’, Liber Annuus (Studium Franciscanum Biblicum), 30 (1980), pp. 415–17, and illustrations 1 a–b.

15 B. Z. Kedar, ‘Notes on the History of the Jews of Palestine in the Middle Ages’, Tarbiz, 42 (1972–3), pp. 415–16 (Hebrew).

16 For a lucid summary of the site’s history and a description of its Frankish vestiges see Pringle, The Churches, ii, pp. 85–94. On the recent excavations see Y. Magen and M. M. Dadon, ‘Nebi Samwil (Montjoie)’, in G. C. Bottini, L. Di Segni and L. D. Chrupcala (eds), One Land, Many Cultures. Archaeological Studies in Honour of Stanislao Loffreda (Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press, 2003), pp. 123–38, to be supplemented with Lohmann, ‘Archäologisches’, 117–57.

17 According to Aubrey Stewart, it appears in the Seigneur de la Croix’s Voiage nouveau de la Terre Sainte of...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• Acknowledgements
• Introduction
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• Note on Transcriptions
• Notes on Contributors
• I. Landscape and History of Settlement
• II. Warfare and Fortifications
• III. Economy, Arts and Society
• IV. Narrative and Documentary Sources
• Bibliography
• List of Publications
• Notes