Economics of the Marine

Modelling Natural Resources

Karyn Morrissey

• Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
• Year: 2017
• Print ISBN: 9781783485581
• eBook ISBN: 9781783485604
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Business
• Subtopic: Business General
• Index: Business

This book extends the current international interest in the conceptualization of the marine sector to explore its importance of at different geographical scales: from the national, to regional and small area analysis within the context of base theory, New Economic Geography, agglomeration theory, industrial cluster policy and small area level analysis. In conjunction with each spatial scale and its associated theories, a number of computational methods are used to explore the economic impact of the marine resource. Input-Output tables will be used to demonstrate how the direct and indirect economic impact of the marine sector may be measured at the national level. Location Quotients will be used to regionalize these input-output tables, allowing a regional level analysis of the importance of the marine sector. Finally, a spatial microsimulation model will be used to examine the impact of the sector at the small area level.

In a time, where societal impact is increasingly important, this book is of interest to policy makers, both academic and planner practitioners, physical scientists interested in estimating the impact of research on society and the wider social sciences including geography and sociology. In engaging a wide audience this book also aims to bridge some of the gaps encountered by those carrying out inter-and multi-disciplinary research by conceptualizing the marine as a commercial resource that requires management and planning. This book aims to engage academics, professionals and policy-makers on the importance of the marine resource to society.

Chapter One

Introducing the Marine Economy

1.1INTRODUCTION

Human activities in the world’s oceans and coasts are at an unprecedented scale and expanding rapidly (Stojanovic & Farmer, 2013). The oceans have become a focal point for new activities including wind and wave power, marine biotechnology, marine technology and other enterprises (Kildow & McIlgorm, 2010; Morrissey et al., 2011; Zhao et al., 2013). In response, concerns over the impact of economic activities on the marine resource have led to many national ocean policies and international agreements for sustainable marine development. A history of single-sector management of marine activities with little engagement with relevant communities and stakeholders means that an estimated 60 percent of the world’s major marine ecosystems have been degraded or are being used unsustainably (UNEP, 2011). Indeed, there are many indicators that suggest we are failing to effectively regulate and conserve vital ocean-based resources, and that this failure will potentially lead to consequences that include ecosystem tipping points, or dramatic shifts in structure and function that are hard to reverse (Selkoe et al., 2015). Within this context, coastal and marine policy makers and managers have become increasing aware of the need to support and analysis the economic and social dimension of marine activity.

However, economic data on the activities linked to the marine resource is often incomplete or nonexistent (Kildow & McIlgorm, 2010). This is mainly due to the difficulties in empirically measuring a multisector resource such as the marine. The fragmented, multisectoral nature of the marine economy and the difficulty in distinguishing between land- and marine-based activities has meant that national economic datasets do not explicitly contain a marine sector. Historically, estimates of the value of the marine resource have been unable to provide a holistic value for the sector. However, given the increased impetus on marine spatial planning for commercial and environmental sustainability, regulation in areas such as fisheries, marine energy, and aquaculture, and economic information to aid governmental prioritization, governments require a range of economic indicators for the sector (Kalaydjian, 2016). These indicators may be then used to develop new policy measures to facilitate the sustainable development of the resource and its commercial activity.

Within this context, recent international research has begun to conceptualize the marine economy as a multi-sector industry. This book extends the current international interest in the conceptualization of a national marine sector to explore the importance of the sector at the national, regional and local level using base theory, New Economic Geography, agglomeration theory, industrial cluster policy and small area level analysis. In conjunction with each spatial scale and its associated theories, a number of computational methods will be used to explore the economic impact of the marine resource. Input–output tables will be used to demonstrate how the direct and indirect economic impact of the marine sector may be measured at the national level. Location Quotients will be used to regionalize these input–output tables, allowing a regional level analysis of the importance of the marine sector. Finally, a spatial microsimulation model will be used to examine the impact of the sector at the small area level.

In a time, where societal impact is increasingly important, this book is of interest to policy makers, both academic and planner practitioners, physical scientists interested in estimating the impact of research on society and the wider social sciences including geography and sociology. In engaging a wide audience this book also aims to bridge some of the gaps encountered by those carrying out inter- and multidisciplinary research by conceptualizing the marine as a commercial resource that requires management and planning. This book aims to engage academics, professionals and policy makers...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Contents
• Chapter One: Introducing the Marine Economy
• Chapter Two: The Marine EconomyA National Perspective
• Chapter Three: Accounting the Marine EconomyCapturing Economic Change Through Time Series Data
• Chapter Four: The Marine Sector and the Regions
• Chapter Five: The Economic Impact of the Marine Sector on the RegionsA Location Quotient Approach
• Chapter Six: Regional Development and Marine Clusters
• Chapter Seven: Marine ClustersSpecialization or Diversity?
• Chapter Eight: From National to Regional to LocalA Spatial Microsimulation Model for the Marine
• Chapter Nine: The Marine SectorA Panacea in Peripheral, Deprived Areas?
• Chapter Ten: Conclusions
• Index